2nd January 1939 2nd January 1939 1/1 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

26th March 1939 26th March 1939 1/1 Postcard (sent via feldpost) depicting the Prague Astronomical Clock (Prague Orloj) attached to the old town hall. Ref: 26.03.1939, MFP1P41 Note: The pencil inscription beneath the message text suggests to indicate that the soldier 'Fritz' had fallen ( 'gefallen' ) in September 1939? Link to the location of the Astronomical Clock in Prague further Czechoslovakian occupation feldpost Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

10th March 1939 Fitchte-Gymnasium 10th March 1939 Fitchte-Gymnasium 1/0 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

10th December 1936 1/0 10th December 1936 Leutstetten to 27 Queen Square, Bath Dear Madeleine! Many thanks for your letter, it gave me great pleasure. I would have written to you sooner only always when I said I will write, one of the others said she has just written to you and told all that we did. I hope your concert was a success. You must have been very excited. I know very well the Polonaise by Chopin, because I once had to dance it in Vienna with a lot of other girls in a charity representation in the opera. We all had beautiful rococo dresses and the teacher of the ballet of the opera taught us how to dance it. It was very amusing, thus we saw the opera stage and all that. It was a success. I am sending the photo I took of you and Mary in Middelkerke. I hope Mary is well again. You are always writing of your friend Susanne. Would you send us once a photo of her, that we know how see looks. I have also a friend of whom I am always talking, she is called Gita and is Hungarian, she is just as old as I am but small and fair and very lively and amusing. Now she is engaged to be married to a very nice boy. We are doing a lot of work for Christmas now. I have painted on porcelain different things. Now we are sewing and doing fine needlework. Sometimes we have visits here. Every Sunday a cousin of ours is coming with her niece, that poor child must go to school in Munich and is unhappy in town. As on Sundays she comes out to play and run. We are going about twice a week to the theatre, today we went to see Konigskinder by Humperdink. I hope it will be nice. My brother is still in Hungary and will come back for Xmas. I am longing to see him. We are always having news on the radio of your King. I find that as a King one may not do such things, he should give up the thought of marriage with such a woman, it is his duty as King, he is old enough to understand it. I am curious to how it will all end. Now what about you, have you thought of becoming a Catholic? Have you asked for religion lessons? I would be very glad to hear you did. But if you don’t want me to mingle in these, your private things excuse me and tell me in your next letter. My love to your family. Yours affectionately Deidi Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Commercial cover sent from 'MERKUR G.m.b.H', Berlin to an address in Halle. Featuring stamp Mi.642 (40 Pf). Ref: 23.11.1936 23rd November 1936 1/1 Commercial cover sent from 'MERKUR G.m.b.H', Berlin to an address in Halle. Featuring stamp Mi.642 (40 Pf). Ref: 23.11.1936 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

18th September 1947 18th September 1947 1/0

Postcard depicting the Church Square in Lustenau. Featuring the Austrian State printing of Mi.663 ('E.P.') and lesser seen Austrian slogan cancellation. Ref: 07.05.1938 7th May 1938 Lustenau 1/1 Postcard depicting the Church Square in Lustenau. Featuring the Austrian State printing of Mi.663 ('E.P.') and lesser seen Austrian slogan cancellation. Ref: 07.05.1938 Lustenau Lustenau is a town in the westernmost Austrian state of Vorarlberg in the district of Dornbirn. It lies on the river Rhine, which forms the border with Switzerland. Lustenau is Vorarlberg's fourth largest town. The name Lustenau derives from a document from 24th January 887, signed by the Carolingian king Charles the Fat, with the title 'Lustenauua curti regali', meaning 'Royal Court of Lustenau'. In 1395 the Counts of Werdenberg pledged the Zwingenstein fortress and Lustenau to the Knights of Ems, and in 1526 the pledge was converted into a final purchase. After the male line of the Hohenems family died out in 1759, a decade-long dispute over ownership of Lustenau developed between Maria Theresa of Austria on the one hand and the Hohenems heiress Maria Rebekka on the other. Until 1830, Lustenau was an independent county ruled over by the Counts of Waldburg-Zeil-Lustenau-Hohenems. After 1830 it became part of Austria. During the German Reich, there is no evidence of any organised resistance against National Socialism in Lustenau. However, a large number of cases of individual opposition are documented, which were punished with arrests, with the delivery to a concentration camp or even with the death penalty. After the Second World War, local embroidery industry gave Lustenau an economic boom. Source: Wikipedia The exhibition is being developed under the aegis of the Historical Archive of the Market Town Lustenau and will be displayed in the municipal gallery Hollenstein. Following the 'Anschluss' of Austria to the German Reich in March 1938 the Nazis also assumed power in Lustenau. In addition to the hope for a better future fomented by the Nazis, soon the fear of persecution, Nazi propaganda and the bitterness of World War II dominated daily life. The exhibition demonstrates the effects of the Nazi dictatorship on the development of the municipality and the lives of the residents of Lustenau, while also trying to document the injustices that took place at that time. Individuals’ experiences of this period will be made accessible using audio recordings of eyewitnesses, among other things. A comprehensive accompanying program with four public lectures and guided tours through the exhibition are planned. Source: https://www.nationalfonds.org/detail-view/4181 (2018) Stephanie Hollenstein Stephanie Hollenstein (1886 in Lustenau – 1944 in Vienna) was an Austrian Expressionist landscape and still-life painter. A member of the Nazi Party, Hollenstein was lesbian and tried to defend fellow-artists against charges of degeneracy, though usually without success. She was nicknamed Die Schiefmalerin , meaning the Crooked Lady Painter. In the 1930s, she was attracted to the 'Männlichkeitskult' (Masculinity Cult) and the military ideals promoted by the Fascists. She became a secret member of the Nazi Party (when it was still officially banned in Austria), then rejoined openly after the Anschluss. From that time until 1943, she was chairperson of the 'Vereinigung Bildender Künstlerinnen der Reichsgaue der Ostmark' (Association of Women Artists of the Reichsgau of Austria). During her tenure, she defended the sculptor, Albert Bechtold, and others against charges that their art was 'Degenerate'; unsuccessfully for the most part. She remained openly lesbian and her own same-sex desire was tolerated as long as it did not cause a public sensation. An application for the title of 'Professor' was denied on the grounds that she was a strictly local artist whose work often did not set a good example. She resigned her position for health reasons. The following year, she suffered a heart attack and died shortly after. Her remains were returned to Lustenau for burial. A municipal art gallery named in her honour was opened in 1971, which houses most of her extant work. Source: Wikipedia LUSTENAU cancellation as featured in the Bochmann catalogues (1952) JB:Lustenau1/512 - 'Lustenau/ Hauptsitz/ der/ Vorarlberger/ Stickerei-/ Industrie'. Ref: 07.05.1938 Note: This is the only special cancel used in Lustenau during the Third Reich period and can be seen cover during 1938 and 1939. Bochmann prices the cancel as if lesser seen but it can now be found at a modest price (under £10). Bochmann adds the following footnote in his catalogue, 'This former Austrian advertising stamp continued to be used after Austria's incorporation into the German Reich on 13 March 1938.' Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

31st December 1939 3.7cm Pak 36 31st December 1939 3.7cm Pak 36 31.12.1939 Die Panzerjager reverse.jpeg 31.12.1939 Die Panzerjager reverse.jpeg 1/1 Postcard, published by 'Die Wehrmacht' depicting a 3.7cm Pak 36 anti-tank gun being manoeuvred by two soldiers. The caption reads 'Die Panzerjäger'. Photograph by Günther Bauch. Ref: 31.12.1939 3.7cm Pak 36 also see 28.06.1943 (FPN 46198) Design of a horse-drawn, 3.7 cm anti-tank gun (designated 3.7 cm Pak L/45) by Rheinmetall commenced in 1924 and the first guns were issued in 1928. By the early 1930s, it was apparent that horse-drawn artillery was obsolescent, and the gun was modified for motorised transport by substituting magnesium-alloy wheels and pneumatic tires for the original spoked wooden wheels, allowing it to be towed at highway speeds. Re-designated the 3.7 cm Pak 35/36, it began to replace the 3.7 cm Pak L/45 in 1934. It formed the basis for many other nations' anti-tank guns during the first years of World War II. The KwK 36 L/45 was the same gun, but used as the main armament on several tanks, most notably the early models of the Panzer III. The Soviets copied the Pak 36 carriage design for their 45 mm M1937 AT gun. The Pak 36 ( Panzerabwehrkanone 36 ) is a 3.7cm/ 37mm caliber German anti-tank gun used during the Second World War. It was the main anti-tank weapon of Wehrmacht Panzerjäger units until 1942. Developed by Rheinmetall in 1933, it was first issued to the German Army in 1936, with 9,120 being available by the beginning of the war in September 1939 and a further 5,339 produced during the war. As the predominant anti-tank gun design in the world during the late 1930s, demand was high for the Pak 36, with another 6,000 examples produced for export and the design being copied by the Soviet Union as the 45 mm anti-tank gun M1932 (19-K) and by other nations such as Japan. It first saw service during the Spanish Civil War in 1936, where it performed well against the light tanks of the conflict. It was first used during the Second World War against Poland in 1939 and had little difficulty with any of the Polish tanks. The Battle of France in 1940 revealed its inadequate penetration capability against French and British heavier tanks, particularly the Char B1, and especially the Matilda II, receiving the derisive nicknames ' Heeresanklopfgerät ' (army door-knocking device) or ' PanzerAnklopfKanone ' (tank door-knocking cannon) from its crews, but it sufficed to defeat the bulk of the Allied armour in the campaign. The invasion of the Soviet Union brought the Pak 36 face to face with large numbers of T-34 and KV-1 tanks, which were invulnerable to its fire. However, 91% of the Soviet tank forces in 1941 consisted of lighter types that lacked sufficient armour to defeat the gun, and the Pak 36 knocked out thousands of such tanks. The Pak 36 began to be replaced from late 1940 onward by the 5 cm Pak 38 anti-tank gun and from November 1941 by the 7.5 cm Pak 40. This process was accelerated by the engagements with the modern Soviet tanks, and Pak 36 production ceased entirely in early 1943. The introduction in 1942 of the Stielgranate 41 shaped charge gave it the ability to punch through the armor of any Allied tank, but the ammunition's short range made the Pak 36 crews vulnerable to enemy fire and could not solve the gun's basic obsolescence. German paratroopers employed the gun due to its low weight and consequent high manoeuvrability. Source: Wikipedia Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

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2nd July 1947 Hugo Kegel 2nd July 1947 Hugo Kegel 02.07.1947 - 16_65 Hugo Kegel reverse.jpeg 02.07.1947 - 16_65 Hugo Kegel reverse.jpeg 1/1 Commercial letter-sheet (including insert) sent from stamp dealer Hugo Kegel in Lämershagen to a correspondent in Heilbronn. Ref: 02.07.1947 - 16/65 Hugo Kegel Further research required Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

26th October 1934 1/2 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

13th May 1939 13th May 1939 1/1 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page