16th January 1940 Andernach Multi-view postcard depicting scenes of Andernach. Ref: 16.01.1940 Andernach (Überroller-post - Allied occupation 09.03.1945) Andernach is a town in the district of Mayen-Koblenz, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, of about 30,000 inhabitants. It is situated towards the end of the Neuwied basin on the left bank of the Rhine between the former tiny fishing village of Fornich in the north and the mouth of the small river Nette in the southeast, just 13 miles (21 km) north of Koblenz, with its five external town districts: Kell, Miesenheim, Eich, Namedy, and Bad Tönisstein. Source: Wikipedia ANDERNACH, city in the Rhineland, district of Coblenz, Germany. A Jewish community lived there toward the end of the 12th century under the protection of the archbishop of Cologne, who acquired Andernach in 1167. The ritual bathhouse, built in the 14th century, still exists. In 1287 the Jews were expelled, and the populace destroyed and pillaged the houses in the Judengasse; the archbishop, however, compelled the burghers to restore all property to the Jews and to expel the rioters from the city. The Jews again appear to have been driven out of Andernach in the first half of the 15th century, but evidently remained close to its walls. They were permitted to take refuge inside the city during emergencies, especially during the wars of 1573–1655. The community increased from a single Jewish resident in 1860 to about 140 by 1925. In 1939, only 45 Jews remained in Andernach. At least 11 died in the Holocaust. No Jews have lived there since World War II. Source: jewishvirtuallibrary.org Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Mi.743 (28.03.1940) Mi.743 Mi.743 (Ref: 29.03.1940) next stamp issue

9th January 1940 SS Bremen Postcard depicting the SS 'Bremen'. Sent via feldpost from FPN 00522 (4. Kompanie Marine-Flak-Abteilung 244). At this time the 'Bremen' was being used as a barracks ship. Ref: 09.01.1940 SS Bremen From Wikipedia: On 26th August 1939, in anticipation of the invasion of Poland, the Kriegsmarine high command ordered all German merchant ships to head to German ports immediately. Bremen was on a westbound crossing and two days from New York when she received the order. Bremen ' s captain decided to continue to New York to disembark her 1,770 passengers. She left New York without passengers on 30th August 1939 and on 1st September, coincident with the start of the Second World War, she was ordered to make for the Russian port of Murmansk. Underway, her crew painted the ship grey for camouflage. She made use of bad weather and high speed to avoid Royal Navy cruisers, arriving in Murmansk on 6th September 1939. With the outbreak of the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union, on 10th December 1939 Bremen made a dash to Bremerhaven, arriving on 13th December. On the way she was sighted and challenged by the S-class submarine HMS Salmon . While challenging Bremen , an escorting Dornier Do 18 seaplane forced Salmon to dive for safety. After diving, Salmon ' s commander, Lieutenant Commander E. O. Bickford, decided not to torpedo the liner because he believed she was not a legal target. His decision not to fire on Bremen likely delayed the start of unrestricted submarine warfare. Bremen was used as a barracks ship; there were plans to use her as a transport in Operation Sea Lion, the intended invasion of Great Britain. On 16th March 1941, Bremen was set alight by 14-year-old crew member Walter Schmidt while at her dock in Bremerhaven and completely gutted. A lengthy investigation discovered that the arson resulted from revenge stemming from a ship's officer who had punished him for not completing his assignment, not an act of war. Schmidt was later guillotined for the arson, becoming one of the youngest people to be judicially executed by the regime at age 15. Starting in 1942 she was dismantled to the waterline so the steel could be used for munitions. In 1946 her remains were towed up the River Weser, beached on a sandbar off Blexen, Nordenham and destroyed by explosives, though some parts of the double hull remain visible to this day. Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

9th December 1940 Marinenachrichtenschule See 09.12.1940 - 30/99 (feldpost) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

1st December 1940 Postcard sent from Germany to France. With censors hand stamp (EB2.3) and crayoned red cross indicating that the correspondence has a 'view' which is not permitted and is therefore being returned. Ref: 01.12.1940

5th September 1940 Romania Cover sent from Bucharest to Bielefeld, Germany. With ABP Vienna censor tape and markings. Featuring stamp Mi.503 depicting King Carol II. Ref: 05.09.1940 - 1/11 Link to ABP Vienna

Index page ABP Munich : Pass-Through Stamp (DD) DD1.1 - see 33/67, 19/44 (variation 5) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Cover sent from Berlin to New Jersey, USA and subsequently returned (zurück). Ref: 24.01.1933 24th January 1933 'Zurück' between Reichs Cover sent from Berlin to New Jersey, USA and subsequently returned (zurück). Ref: 24.01.1933 The story of the cover? 24th January 1933 (3 - 4 p.m.) The envelope is posted to Georg Kemling (?) at 257 Union Avenue, Clifton, New Jersey, U.S.A., from the 'Versorgungsamt IV, Berlin' (Pension Office IV, situated on General-Pape-Straße, Berlin-Schöneberg). 3rd February 1933 (2 p.m.) The envelope arrives at the post office in Clifton, N.J. The addressee cannot be located and the alternative address of 57 Highland Avenue in Passiac is written on the cover. 4th February 1933 The envelope is hand stamped by the Passiac post office and sent out for delivery. Once again the recipient cannot be located and the Highland Avenue address is struck through. The envelope is returned to the Passiac post office awaiting to be claimed. Possibly on or about the 19th February 1933 (?) The Passiac post office hand-stamp the envelope with 'Returned to sender, unclaimed from Passiac N.J.' above a hand-script annotation stating, 'Removed - 19 [initials?]' 29th April 1933 About this date the envelope is hand-stamped with 'Zurück' . Written in green ink are the words '29/4 Zurück' (and another word in green ink that hasn't been translated). 2nd May 1933 The envelope is returned to the sender, Pension Office IV, in Berlin-Schönberg. Upon receipt the envelope is hand-stamp with a receipt acknowledgement. Interestingly this cover was sent from Germany during the last days of the Weimar Republic (which ended with the advent of the Enabling Act of 23rd March 1933) and was returned to sender at the beginning of the 3rd Reich. Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Index page ABP Königsberg: Hand Stamp Postcard sent from Riga to an address in Hamburg. Featuring Königsberg ABP censor Prüfstempel 'Auslandsnachrichtenprüfstelle'(HLAP1.1/21) and 'Von der Wehrmacht zugelassen' (HLAPZ1.2). Ref: 23.11.1939 Links to - Hand Stamps - Machine Stamps - Pass-Through Stamps - Closures - Misc. ABP Königsberg Hand Stamps (Handprüfstempel) and variations HLAP1.1 - ø34mm - One of the first hand stamps used by the censorship authorities. Ref: 23.11.1939 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

4th January 1940 Mi.P288 See 20.04.1940 - 30/52 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Cover featuring a 50 Pfennig stamp. This is the earlier 1924 official stamp with diagonal “Dienstmarke” overprint, Michel Dienstmarke Mi. 111. Importantly, although most values of that series ceased to be valid at the end of 1933, Mi. 111 remained valid until 30th June 1934. Therefore its use on 27th February 1934 is entirely legitimate and falls within the final months of its validity. Ref: 27.02.1934 - 2/69 1st March 1924 Mi.105-113: Official Cover featuring a 50 Pfennig stamp. This is the earlier 1924 official stamp with diagonal “Dienstmarke” overprint, Michel Dienstmarke Mi. 111. Importantly, although most values of that series ceased to be valid at the end of 1933, Mi. 111 remained valid until 30th June 1934. Therefore its use on 27th February 1934 is entirely legitimate and falls within the final months of its validity. Ref: 27.02.1934 - 2/69 Mi.105 - 113: Official Issued: March and June1924 Notes: Use of Mi.355-361 and Mi.363-363. Further details to be found in Michel: Germany Specialised 2016 (2nd edition). Quantity issued: Unknown. Mi.105-110 and 112-113 valid until 31st December 1933, Mi.111 valid until 30th June 1934. Mi.105 (3 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933 Mi.106 (5 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933 Mi.107 (10 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933 Mi.108 (20 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933 Mi.109 (30 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933 Mi.110 (40 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933 Mi.111 (50 Pf) - valid until 30.06.1934. Ref: 27.02.1934 - 2/69 (Link) Mi.112 (60 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933 Mi.113 (80 Pf) - valid until 31.12.1933

Philatelic Exhibitions & Events (1933-1947) Philatelic Exhibitions Commemorative postcard for the 5th National Club Day, 46th German Philatelic Day (54mm address line), with 'In Verbindung mit der Nationalen Briefmarken-Ausstellung' to the lower left panel. There are seven variations of this postcard. Ref: 29.03.1940, BV318 Philatelic Exhibitions 1933 Aschersleben - 39. Deutscher Philatelistentag (19th-21st August 1933) 1934 1935 Königsberg - Ostropa, 23rd June - 3rd July 1935 (See 17/85) 1936 Berlin - 1. Tag der Briefmarke (7th January 1936) Coburg - Briefmarken-Ausstellung Baÿerische Ostmark (6th-7th June 1936) Lauenstein - 42. Deutscher Philatelistentag (6th-7th June 1936) Munster - 3rd Munster Postage Stamp Exhibition, 16th-18th October 1936 1937 Tag der Briefmarke 1937 - 'Ka-Be' Mi.513 overprint, 10th January 1937 Tag der Briefmarke 1937 - Walter Behrens - commercial postcard (with attached reply) - 10th January 1937 Breslau - 6th Silesian Postage Stamp Exhibition, 3rd-10th January 1937 Berlin - Colonial Postage Stamp Show, 9th-10th January 1937 Frankfurt - Study Group of the Greater Frankfurt Stamp Collectors' and Trade Society, 9th-10th January 1937 Chemnitz - Colonial Postal Exhibition, 10th January 1937 Berlin - National Exhibition of the German Postage Stamp, 16th-18th April 1937 (10 postcard series). See 08.04.1937 - 22/97 and 16.04.1937 Gera - 1st postage stamp exhibition (sponsored KdF) in conjunction with the 700 year anniversary of the city of Gera, 21st-29th August 1937. See 27/59 Gössnitz - 50th anniversary of Gössnitz/German Philatelic Assoc., 17th September 1937 1938 Berin-Schöneberg - 1933-1938 Briefmarkenverein 'Schöneberg' (commemorative envelope with 3 Pf Hindenburg medallion imprint stamp). see 32/86 Stuttgart - 1st Swabian Postage Stamp Exhibition 8th-16th January 1938 Hannover - Briefmarken-Ausstellung 16th-18th September 1938 Suhl - 'Thüposta 2' , 9th October 1938 1939 Berlin-Pankow - Briefmarken Werbeschau (K.d.F.), Kreis VIII, 19th March 1939 Munich - 45th Deutscher Philatelistentag, 3rd-4th June 1939 1940 Berlin - 5. Reichsbundestag, 46. Deutscher Philatelistentag, March 1940 1941 TAG DER BRIEFMARKE 1941 'Im Kampf um die Freiheit' (Flag bearing soldier) CHECK LIST LINK AND WHERE T d B SHOULD BEGIN Slatinian ( B&M - Slatiňany) - Briefmarken-Ausstellung, 22nd-29th June 1940 - see 35/49 Berlin-Karlshorst - 1st Stamp Exhibition of the KdF Collectors Groups of District IX, 1st -2nd November 1941 1942 TAG DER BRIEFMARKE 1942 Official KdF cover for T d B, Vienna (see JB:Vienna92/767) Berlin-Lichtenberg - Philatelic Association AGM, 1st January 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 Büdingen - 1. Briefmarken Wohltätigkeits Ausstellung (Roten Kreuz) Ref: 17/74 Cologne - Rhein-Posta, 13th-20th April 1947 (See Ref: 17/73) Lindau - Briefmarken-Ausstellung (Lindau-Herbstwoche), 13th-28th September 1947 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page