Postcard depicting Hans von Tschammer und Osten (1887-1943). The quote beneath the image is part of a longer section, which in full reads, 'Es wird in Zukunft keinen Unterschied mehr geben können zwischen dem Geist der deutsche Leibeserziehung und dem Geist der SA. Jahn und Hitler verleihen der neuen Erziehungsform der Leibesübungen eine unüberwindliche Kraft, durch die deutsche Jünglinge und Männer zu einsatzbereiten Volksbürgern erzogen' (In the future, there will no longer be any difference between the spirit of German physical education and the spirit of the SA. Jahn and Hitler lent the new form of physical education an insurmountable power, through which German youths and men were educated to be ready citizens.). The 'Jahn' it refers to being Friedrich Jahn (1778-1852) a German gymnastics educator and nationalist whose writing is credited with the founding of the German gymnastics (Turner) movement. Ref: 06.06.1936 6th June 1936 Tschammer Postcard depicting Hans von Tschammer und Osten (1887-1943). The quote beneath the image is part of a longer section, which in full reads, 'Es wird in Zukunft keinen Unterschied mehr geben können zwischen dem Geist der deutsche Leibeserziehung und dem Geist der SA. Jahn und Hitler verleihen der neuen Erziehungsform der Leibesübungen eine unüberwindliche Kraft, durch die deutsche Jünglinge und Männer zu einsatzbereiten Volksbürgern erzogen' (In the future, there will no longer be any difference between the spirit of German physical education and the spirit of the SA. Jahn and Hitler lent the new form of physical education an insurmountable power, through which German youths and men were educated to be ready citizens.). The 'Jahn' it refers to being Friedrich Jahn (1778-1852) a German gymnastics educator and nationalist whose writing is credited with the founding of the German gymnastics (Turner) movement. Ref: 06.06.1936 Hans von Tschammer und Osten (1887 - 1943) Hans von Tschammer und Osten was a German sport official, SA leader and a member of the Reichstag for the Nazi Party of Nazi Germany. Hans von Tschammer und Osten led the German Sports Office Deutscher Reichsausschuss für Leibesübungen (DRA) 'German Reich Commission for Physical Exercise' after the Nazi seizure of power in 1933. In July the same year Hans von Tschammer was granted the title of Reichssportführer , 'Reich Sports Leader', and the whole sports sphere in Germany was placed under his control. He re-established the organisation he led, transforming it into the Sports governing body of the Third Reich, Deutscher Reichsbund für Leibesübungen (DRL) 'Sports League of the German Reich'. In December 1938 it was renamed Nationalsozialistischer Reichsbund für Leibesübungen "National-Socialist Sports League of the German Reich". Von Tschammer held the high-profile post of Reichssportführer until his death in 1943. The name of today's DFB-Pokal, Deutscher Fußball-Bund-Pokal 'German Football-Federation Cup', first contested in the 1934-35 season during von Tschammer's tenure as Reichssportführer , was known as Hans von Tschammer und Osten-Pokal ('Tschammerpokal') until it was last played in Nazi Germany in 1943. Many other innovative improvements regarding the organization of sports events that von Tschammer's formidable Reich Sports Organ introduced, like the Olympic torch relay, are still in use today. In 1929 von Tschammer joined the Nazi Party and became a member of the Party's paramilitary organisation, the SA, with the rank of SA- Standartenführer . In March 1932 he took over the leadership of the SA- Gruppe Mitte (Center Group) headquartered in Dessau and was promoted to SA- Gruppenführer . At the July 1932 German federal election, von Tschammer und Osten won a seat as a member of the German Reichstag from electoral constituency 10 (Magdeburg). He would remain a Reichstag deputy until his death. After Adolf Hitler's accession to power, von Tschammer was named Reichskommissar für Turnen und Sport (Reich Commissioner for Gym and Sports) of the German Sports Office Deutscher Reichsausschuss für Leibesübungen (DRA) in April 1933. Although he had been a relatively unknown figure in German sports, von Tschammer saw as his goal the use of sports 'to improve the morale and productivity of German workers.' Sporting skills were made a criterion for school graduation as well as a necessary qualification for certain jobs and admission to universities. Von Tschammer disbanded the DRA, branded as a 'bourgeois entity', on 5th May 1933 (officially 10th May). He was then elevated to Reichssportführer on 19th July and the whole sports sphere in Germany was placed under his control. In January 1934, he was named the head of the Sportamt (Sports Office) of Strength Through Joy, the Nazi recreational organisation. He replaced the DRA with a Nazi-oriented organisation, the Deutscher Reichsbund für Leibesübungen (DRL) on 27th July 1934, to serve as the official sports governing body of Nazi Germany. Von Tschammer was an active and able promoter of sports in Nazi Germany. He instituted the present-day German Football-Federation Cup. He also commissioned the publication of Sport und Staat (Sports and State), a massive four-volume Nazi propaganda report on the organised sports activities in the Third Reich. Sport und Staat was made by Arno Breitmeyer and Hitler's personal photographer Heinrich Hoffmann. This lavishly illustrated work had many pictures and information about the various Nazi organisations, i.e. SA, NSKK, Bund Deutscher Mädel, Hitler Jugend, etc. Printed in 1934 by the publishing house of the German Sports Aid Funds, a branch of the DRL, only volume one and two of a planned series of four volumes were published. The aims of the promotion of sports in the Third Reich included hardening the spirit of every German as well as making German citizens feel that they were part of a wider national purpose. This was in line with the ideals of Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, the 'Father of physical exercises', who connected the steeling of one's own body to a healthy spirit and promoted the idea of a unified, strong Germany. A more controversial aim was the demonstration of Aryan physical superiority. Under von Tschammer's leadership, German Jewish athletes were systematically hindered by being denied adequate facilities and the opportunity to compete. Hans von Tschammer und Osten enjoyed the Nazi sports festivals in which he took a keen interest as organiser. He appears often as a spectator in a white suit during the massive displays of Nazi pageantry. On 17th August 1936, von Tschammer was appointed to the Prussian State Council by Prussian Minister President Hermann Göring. The 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin were held during von Tschammer's tenure as Reichssportführer and President of the German Olympic Committee. He played a major role in the structure and organisation of the Olympic Games together with Carl Diem, who was the former secretary of the Deutscher Reichsausschuss für Leibesübungen (DRA). Von Tschammer entrusted the organisation of the Fourth Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen to Karl Ritter von Halt, whom he named President of the Committee for the organisation of the games. Von Tschammer would be later blamed by historians for enforcing a ban on non-Aryans in Germany's Olympic team, a fact that was condemned internationally as a violation of the Olympic ethical code. But it is doubtful that he was the only one of the NSRL leaders behind that decision. Despite his major role in the Olympics and in the world of sports of his time, von Tschammer never became a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), a post he craved. In 1937 Karl Ritter von Halt was elected as member of the Executive Committee of the IOC instead of him. In January 1937, he was made head of the Sports and Physical Exercise Department in the Reich Ministry of the Interior and, in 1938, he was given the rank of State Secretary there. The same year he was promoted to SA- Obergruppenführer . [Link to Turn-u.Sportsfest Breslau 1938] However, von Tschammer's influence began rapidly eroding, as war preparations diminished the influence of sports in Nazi Germany in favour of militarism. Von Tschammer would never see the end of the organisation he had led for so long, nor Germany's defeat in World War II, for he died from pneumonia in Berlin in 1943. The assets he left behind were negligible for a man of his position. Von Tschammer was succeeded as Reichssportführer by Arno Breitmeyer. Source: Wikipedia Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

7th November 1936 Princess Letter 6 7th November 1936 Schloss Moos, Station Langenisarhofen, Niederbayen to 27 Queen Square, Bath Dear Madeleine! Why don’t you write for such a long time? I am starving for a letter from you. Did I write something very rude in my last letter and you are cross on me, or what is the matter? How are you? Please write to me more often. We are O.K. I spent a very nice time in Lindau at the lake of Constance. I was there on a visit to my aunt, and some cousins of mine. It was very nice indeed to live on the side of such a great lake. There are swans swimming on it. We went out on a ship, but not sailing, only rowing. When you come for a journey to Germany try and see Lindau. It’s a lovely old town built on a island in the middle of the lake. Now I am staying here at Moos with Muck for a week. There is another sister of my father who has a girl a little younger than myself. We have a great time. My cousin Therese stayed in England this summer for six months. She liked it immensely, and tells us now how fine it was there. Oh! I should like to go there too, but I don’t think I ever will. I do not see any cinema, though we went very often to the opera. We saw Troubadour (Verdi), Boheme (Puccini), Lohengrin (Wagner), Barber of Sevilla (Rossini), Postillon de Lonjumeau (Adam), Der fliegende Holländer (Wagner), Cosi Fan Tutte (Mozart). I enjoyed them very much. You know, it is very easy for us to go because Munich is so near. We are only waiting for snow to come, then we shall go on ski. I can’t go yet, but I will learn it. It will be great fun. Please write to my Leutstetten address, as I shall be back there soon. Give my best regards to your family. Yours affectionately Loll P.S. I am reading heaps of English books. But I don’t think my English did improve. The stories are very nice and interesting. Did you ever read Marion Crawford? She wrote the “White Sisters” (it was a film too, very touching) or “The Undesirable Governess”, it was so funny, one burst with laughter. Perhaps you don’t like it, it is a bit old fashioned. Love from Lol Dear Madeleine! Here is a sequel to my letter. The first I wrote after getting up in the morning and when I went down to breakfast, I found your letter. So thank you ever so much for it, and please forget my sighing after a letter of yours. No, we have no Xmas puddings, though heard of them a lot. I think it a very nice custom. As I have to do nothing, not even learning, I enjoy myself rather easily. That’s why I go on visits every now and then. I can’t sit at home knitting, reading or listening in the whole day long. It would be too dull. I thought of learning to cook, bit I am not clever at all. I began sewing a pinafore. It is the first thing I ever sew in my life except doll’s dresses. I did not know how to sew on a machine. But now I am learning it. I feel very clever and proud, though I did not yet finish it. I am very slow, and often not at home, you see. Good-bye, Auf Wiedersehen, (when, I wonder? perhaps next year, if you come to Germany, it would be awfully nice.) Loll Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postage stamp Mi.49A (Poste Italiane - Libia) on a commemorative postcard for the 25th Assietta Artillery Regiment. Sent from Derna in Libya to an address in Asti, Italy. Ref: 02.03.1936 31st December 1936 Italian Stamps within the Brief History collection Postage stamp Mi.49A (Poste Italiane - Libia) on a commemorative postcard for the 25th Assietta Artillery Regiment. Sent from Derna in Libya to an address in Asti, Italy. Ref: 02.03.1936 Italy - Stamps within the Brief History collection Mi.305 (first issued 1929). Ref: 31.07.1943 Italiane-Libia Mi.49A Poste Italiane - Libia (first issued 1924). Ref: 02.03.1936 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

7th August 1936 Tagblatt Tower See 07.08.1936 - 24/97 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard depicting the Gotha Go 145 (D-IJVE). Ref: 22.04.1936 22nd April 1936 Gotha Go 145 Postcard depicting the Gotha Go 145 (D-IJVE). Ref: 22.04.1936 Gotha Go 145 The Gotha Go 145 is a German World War II-era biplane of wood and fabric construction used by Luftwaffe training units. Although obsolete by the start of World War II, the Go 145 remained in operational service until the end of the War in Europe as a night harassment bomber. In 1935, the Go 145 started service with Luftwaffe training units. The aircraft proved a successful design and production of the Go 145 was taken up by other companies, including AGO, Focke-Wulf and BFW. Licensed versions were also manufactured in Spain and Turkey. The Spanish version, called the CASA 1145-L actually remained in service until long after World War II. Ignoring prototypes, 1,182 Go 145s were built in Germany for Luftwaffe service. Further developments: the Gotha Go 145B was fitted with an enclosed cockpit and wheel spats (an aerodynamic wheel housing on fixed-gear); the Go 145C was developed for gunnery training and was fitted with a single 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 15 machine gun in the rear cockpit, requiring removal of that cockpit's flight controls; the Go 145D was fitted with a 240 hp (180 kW) Argus As 410 engine. By 1942, the Soviet Union began using obsolete aircraft such as the Polikarpov Po-2 to conduct night harassment missions against the Germans. Noting the success of the raids, the Germans began conducting their own night harassment missions with obsolete aircraft on the Eastern Front. In December 1942, the first Störkampfstaffel (harassment squadron) was established and equipped with Gotha Go 145 and Arado Ar 66 training biplanes. The night harassment units were successful and by October 1943 there were six night harassment squadrons equipped with Gotha Go 145s. Also in October 1943, the Störkampfstaffeln were brought together into larger Nachtschlachtgruppe (NSGr) (night ground attack group, literally night battle group) units of either three or four squadrons each. In March 1945 Nachtschlachtgruppe 5 had 69 Gotha Go 145's on strength of which 52 were serviceable, while Nachtschlachtgruppe 3 in the Courland Pocket had 18 Gotha Go 145's on strength of which 16 were serviceable. When the war in Europe ended on 8th–9th May 1945 the Gotha Go 145 equipped the majority of the Nachtschlachtgruppen . Source: Wikipedia Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Officially stationery of Willi Brandes, stamp dealer in Berlin to a fellow collector. Featuring postage stamp sequence S127 from booklet sheet MHB 40. Ref: 17.12.1939 - 15/86 17th December 1936 Willi Brandes Officially stationery of Willi Brandes, stamp dealer in Berlin to a fellow collector. Featuring postage stamp sequence S127 from booklet sheet MHB 40. Ref: 17.12.1939 - 15/86 Willi Brandes Image of Willi Brandes from the internet Further research required Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard sent from Luckenwalde to an address in Hamburg, depicting a Heinkel He111 V4 (4th prototype). Fuselage identification code D-AHAO, 'Dresden'. Postcard 13488 produced by Klinke & Co., Berlin W8. Ref: 01.12.1936 1st December 1936 Postcard sent from Luckenwalde to an address in Hamburg, depicting a Heinkel He111 V4 (4th prototype). Fuselage identification code D-AHAO, 'Dresden'. Postcard 13488 produced by Klinke & Co., Berlin W8. Ref: 01.12.1936 Further information and variations Page from 'Spot them in the Air', c.1940 Page from 'Aircraft Identification', June 1940 Page from 'Aircraft Identification', June 1940 Postcard sent via feldpost depicting the Heinkel He 111 E Ref: 10.02.1940 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regrding this page

21st April 1936 GTKG 36-69-1 See 21.04.1936 - 24/79 (B6) See 04.04.1937 - 27/33 (B9) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Commemorative postcard 'Zur Erinnerung an Nürnberg' (In honour of Nuremberg). Published by 'Kunstverlag Georg Michel'. Imprint: R34. Featuring stamps Mi.632 and Mi.633. Ref: 04.09.1936 4th September 1936 reichsparteitag R34 Commemorative postcard 'Zur Erinnerung an Nürnberg' (In honour of Nuremberg). Published by 'Kunstverlag Georg Michel'. Imprint: R34. Featuring stamps Mi.632 and Mi.633. Ref: 04.09.1936 Kunstverlag Georg Michel Kunstverlag Georg Michel. Imprint: R31 . Ref: 13.09.1936 - 25/22 Kunst verlag Georg Michel. Imprint: R32 . Ref: 12.09.1936 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Official Senftenberg court letter requesting a baptismal certificate from the Catholic parish office at Sayn. Ref: 14.08.1936 - 25/10 14th August 1936 Senftenberg Baptism Certificate Official Senftenberg court letter requesting a baptismal certificate from the Catholic parish office at Sayn. Ref: 14.08.1936 - 25/10 The letter reads: In the guardianship case Herzog (surname) I hereby humbly request that a full baptismal certificate of Magdalena Böchling, born on 28 February 1866 in Sayn, be sent to me free of charge. By order (signature) Clerk of the Court Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Stamp first issued on 4th May 1936 to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the death of Otto Von Guericke. Mi.608 (04.05.1936) Mi.608 Stamp first issued on 4th May 1936 to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the death of Otto Von Guericke. Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

20th January 1936 Emden Portland Oregon Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page