Photographers Photographers Photographers Directory Postcard depicting a head and shoulders portrait of Heinz Guderian as photographed by Tita Binz. Fef: 17.11.1944 Photographers Directory Photo-Porst series photographers: Emil Lau (see 26/84) , Tita Binz (1903-1970) Tita Binz was born as Juanita Ladewig in Frankfurt am Main in 1903. Binz was the daughter of the chemist Prof. Arthur Binz and his wife, the writer Juanita Reutlinger. In 1911, her family moved to Berlin. During her school years Tita was already fascinated by photography. From 1928 till 1930, she did an apprenticeship in Paris at the photo studio of her uncle, the famous photographer Léopold Reutlinger. The renowned Reutlinger Studio was opened in 1850 and had become one of the most prestigious photo studios internationally since then. Later, Binz settled in Berlin. She first earned her living as an assistant in photo studios, but in 1938 she opened her own studio, Foto Binz, located on the chic Kurfürstendamm. Her studio had five employees. From the start, Foto Binz specialised in portrait photography. Tita Binz portrayed actors, scientists, artists as Käthe Kollwitz, authors, but also military and politicians. The newspaper Berliner Tageblatt praised her for 'her talent to show the personality of the person she portrayed'. One of the first clients of Foto Binz was the publisher Film-Foto-Verlag, formerly Ross Verlag. Since 1937, Ross Verlag was no longer in the control of its Jewish founder, Heinrich Ross. The National Socialists had forced Ross out through their Arisierung (Aryanization) program (no Jews could own a business.) Interestingly enough, the Nazis retained the Ross Verlag name until 1941, next to the new name Film-Foto-Verlag. Film-Foto-Verlag became known for its postcards of film stars who figured in the German and also in the fascist Italian cinema during the years just before and during World War II. Tita Binz was also asked by Film-Foto-Verlag to portray soldiers who were holders of the Ritterkreuz (the Knight's Cross) for their R series of military propaganda postcards. The Nazi regime needed more propaganda and therefore the R series was started in 1939. At his blog, Pantorijn writes: “It is at this point that two different worlds seem to run together at least in pictures. The actor, the hero of the silver screen and the soldier, the hero of the theatre of war were both raised in the same way. (…) it was not only the image itself but also the design of the postcard that ensured that these two worlds together began to look like one another. It was decided that the lay-out for actors also had to be used for the knight cross bearers.” Pantorijn illustrates this with the example of film star Hannes Stelzer, a popular Ufa hero during the Nazi period. In 1941 he starred as a Luftwaffe pilot in the propaganda film Stukas (1941). Director of the film was Luftwaffe Major Karl Ritter and director and star worked five times together. Binz did never photograph the Waffen-SS. Pantorijn: 'This might be due to the fact that she was friends with Hans Oster, a convinced opponent of the Nazi regime. She knew by that friendship also the 'conspirators' Erwin von Witzleben and Erich Hoepner who she portrayed all three. These pictures were not made for Film-Foto-Verlag.' Immediately after World War II ended in 1945, Tita Binz left Berlin. Until 1949, she lived and worked in Heidelberg. That year, she moved to Mannheim. Tita Binz died in 1970 in Mannheim at the age of 67. In the collection of the Deutsches Historisches Museum (DHM) are her portraits of Konrad Adenauer, Luise Rinser, Viktor de Kowa, Otto Hahn, Gustav Heinemann, Theodor Heuss, and many other celebrities. ( Source: filmstarpostcards.blogspot.com ) Images within the Brief History collection include : Heinz Guderian (General of WWII) , Gertrude Fuld (1895-1996) Hans Retzlaff (1899-1989) In 1929, when the trained banker Hans Retzlaff lost his job as a result of the Great Depression, he turned to photography, a skill he taught himself. Following initial activity as a photojournalist in Berlin, he specialized in ethnological subjects for which he travelled throughout Germany and the neighbouring countries. He marketed his photos on a mass scale in the form of postcards he published himself and in magazines such as Atlantis: Länder, Völker, Reisen. Starting in 1933 he also published photo books, among them Bildnis eines deutschen Bauernvolkes: Die Siebenbürger Sachsen (Portrait of a German Peasantry: The Transylvanian Saxons, 1934), Das Burgenland: Deutsche Grenze im Südosten (Burgenland: Germany’s South-Eastern Frontier, 1939), and Arbeitsmaiden am Werk (Labour Service Girls at Work, 1940). He placed his photos at the service of National Socialist propaganda. His portrait series of craftspersons and other groups of the population are deliberate manifestations of the racial-ideological conception of a biologically determined community. Along with other photographers such as Heinrich Hoffmann, Erna Lendvai-Dircksen, and Walter Hege, Retzlaff was also involved in the making of the inflammatory pamphlet Der Untermensch (The Subhuman). His Berlin studio and archive were destroyed by bombing in 1945. In the post-war period he founded an image archive for art and culture in Tann in the Rhön Mountains. Source: sammlung.staedelmuseum.de Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Stamps of Switzerland Stamps of Switzerland Stamps of Switzerland Commercial cover sent from Biel-Bienne in Switzerland to an address in Kleinwitenberg. Featuring various German censors and a Swiss postage stamp (Mi.303). Ref: 31.03.1943 - 15/74 Switzerland - stamps within the Brief History collection Mi.303 (1936) - 30 ct - Rhein Falls near Schaffhausen Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

UNABKÖMMLICHSTELLUNG Indispensable status & deferment UNABKÖMMLICHSTELLUNG Indispensable status & deferment Unabkömmlichstellung & Zurückstellung Unabkömmlichstellung (UK) und Zurückstellung Indispensable status (UK) and deferment The Gottbegnadeten list was a list of German artists compiled in August 1944 in the final phase of the Second World War by the Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda under Joseph Goebbels who were considered important to the National Socialist regime and were therefore placed under special protection by it. Section II of the Gottbegnadeten listed UK-provided individual artists and consisted of A. Film list , B. Radio list and C. Composers for film and radio and accompanists for radio and concerts . A. FILM LIST The film list initiated by Goebbels contained 294 actors (25 were deleted by hand and 18 added by hand) and 234 actresses (66 were deleted and only six were added by hand), separated by gender and arranged alphabetically, including: ACTORS: Viktor Afritsch, Wolf Albach-Retty, Hans Albers, Axel von Ambesser, Valy Arnheim, Karl Bachmann, Walter Bechmann (1887–1967), actor (including Annelie , 1941 and Six Days Home Leave , 1941) Wilhelm Bendow (1884–1950), actor and comedian (including Congo Express , 1939 and I'll Trust You with My Wife , 1943) Gerhard Bienert (1898–1986), actor (including Morgenrot , 1933) Paul Bildt (1885–1957), director and actor (including D III 88 , 1939 and Kampfgeschwader Lützow , 1941) Willy Birgel (1891–1973), actor (including in ...rides for Germany , 1940/1941) – from 1937 state actor Rudolf Blümner (1873–1945), dramaturge and actor (including The Captain of Köpenick , 1931 and People in the Storm , 1941) Eduard Bornträger (1888–1958), actor (including Urlaub auf Ehrenwort , 1938 and Blutsbrüderschaft , 1941) Julius Brandt (1873–1949), actor (including Comrades at Sea , 1938 and Immortal Waltz , 1939) Viktor Braun (1899–1971), actor (including Hotel Sacher , 1939 and Schrammeln , 1944) Hans Brausewetter (1899–1945), actor (including My Son, the Minister , 1937) Beppo Brem (1906–1990), actor (including Über alles in der Welt , 1941) Joachim Brennecke (1919–2011), actor (including Wunschkonzert , 1940) Siegfried Breuer (1906–1954), actor (including Venus in Court , 1941) Egon Brosig (1889–1961), singer and actor (including Hundert Tage , 1935) – added to the list by hand Rudolf Carl (1899–1987), comedian and actor (including The Rothschilds , 1940) Paul Dahlke (1904–1984), actor (including Pour le Mérite , 1938 and Enemies , 1940) and later also dubbing artist Gerhard Dammann (1883–1946), actor (including The Ammenkönig , 1935) Karl Dannemann (1896–1945), painter and film actor (including Carl Peters , 1941) René Deltgen (1909–1979), actor (including The Girl Johanna , 1935 and Attention! The enemy is listening! , 1940), from 1939 state actor Bruno Decarli (1877–1950), mainly theater actor Ernst Dernburg (1887–1960), actor (including Togger , 1937) Karl Ludwig Diehl (1896–1958), state actor since 1939 (including The 5th of June , 1942) Gustav Diessl (1899–1948), actor (including The White Hell of Piz Palü , 1929 and SOS Iceberg , 1933) Walter Doerry (1880–1963), actor and director (including Thunder, Lightning and Sunshine , 1936) Will Dohm (1897–1948), actor (including My Life for Ireland , 1941 and Old Heart Becomes Young Again , 1943) Friedrich Domin (1902–1961), actor and theater director (including Comedians , 1941) Erich Dunskus (1890–1967), actor (including Hands Up! , 1942) Max Eckard (1914–1998), actor (including Zwei Welten , 1939) – added to the list by hand Julius E. Eckhoff (1885–1952), actor (including The Fire Devil , 1940) Wilhelm Egger–Sell (1878–1946), actor (including Robert Koch, the Fighter against Death , 1939) Anton Edthofer (1883–1971), actor (including The Emperor's Candlestick , 1936) Karl Ehmann (1882–1967), actor (including The Postmaster , 1940) Josef Eichheim (1888–1945), actor (including Love is Duty Free , 1941) Andrews Engelmann (1901–1992), actor (including Carl Peters , 1941) Hermann Erhardt (1903–1958), actor (including The Girl Johanna , 1935) Karl Etlinger (1879–1946), actor (including Die große Liebe , 1942) and theater director Leopold Esterle (1898–1967), mainly theater actor Richard Eybner (1896–1986), actor (including Lumpacivagabundus , 1936) and operetta singer Kurt Felden (1878–1947), actor (including Bal paré , 1940) Rudolf Fernau (1898–1985), theater and film actor (including Dr. Crippen on Board , 1942 and The Roedern Affair , 1944) OW Fischer (1915–2004), actor (including Vienna 1910 , 1943 and Hanussen , 1955) Hugo Flink (1879–1947), actor (including Don't get soft, Susanne! , 1934) Albert Florath (1888–1957), state actor since 1938 (including Junge Herzen , 1944) Rudolf Forster (1884–1968), actor (Vienna 1910 , 1940) Robert Forsch (1870–1948), actor (including Urlaub auf Ehrenwort , 1938) Walter Franck (1896–1961), theater and film actor (including Bismarck , 1940 and The Rothschilds , 1940) Julius Frey (1901–1948), actor (including Comedians , 1941 and The Little Muck , 1944) – added to the list by hand Willy Fritsch (1901–1973), actor (including Attack on Baku , 1942 and Young Eagles , 1944) Hans Fitz (1891–1972), actor and screenwriter (including Weiberregiment , 1936) Ernst Fritz Fürbringer (1900–1988), theater and film actor (including Water for Canitoga , 1939 and Carl Peters , 1941) Gustav Fröhlich (1902–1987), actor (including Metropolis , 1927 and The Great King , 1942) and director Ottogebühr (1877–1954), actor (including Fridericus Rex , 1921/1922) – from 1938 state actor Viktor Gehring (1889–1978), screenwriter and actor (including The Monastery Hunter , 1935) Alfred Gerasch (1877–1955), actor (including Manolescu, Prince of Thieves , 1933) Herbert Gernot (1895–1952), actor (including Urlaub auf Ehrenwort , 1938 and Kamerad Hedwig , 1945) Harry Giese (1903–1991), actor and speaker of the Deutsche Wochenschau Lutz Götz (1891–1958), actor (including Unternehmen Michael , 1937) Bernhard Goetzke (1884–1964), theater and film actor (including The Nibelungen , 1924) Adolf Gondrell (1902–1954), master of ceremonies and actor (including Under Hot Skies , 1936) Otto Graf (1896–1977), actor (including The Dismissal , 1942) Walter Gross (1904–1989), actor (including the sensational Casilla trial , 1939) and cabaret artist Wilhelm Grosse (1873–1946), actor (including The Fox of Glenarvon , 1940) Carl Günther (1885–1951), actor (including The Roedern Affair , 1944) Eugen Günther (1878–1963), actor (including Seven Years of Bad Luck , 1940) Max Gülstorff (1882–1947), actor (including The Rape of the Sabine Women , 1936) Tibor von Halmay (1894–1944), actor (including Linen from Ireland , 1944) Karl Hannemann (1895–1953), actor (including GPU , 1942) Karl Hanft (1904–1982), actor (including Stoßtrupp 1917 , 1934 and Feinde , 1940) Bruno Harprecht (1875–1948), actor (including Streit um den Knaben Jo , 1937) and operetta singer Knut Hartwig (1891–1977), actor (including Die Degenhardts , 1944) and later voice actor Clemens Hasse (1908–1959), actor (including U-Boats Westwards! , 1941) Karl Haubenreißer (1903–1945), actor (including My Life for Ireland , 1941) – added to the list by hand Ulrich Haupt (1915–1991), theatre and film actor (including comedians , 1941) – added to the list by hand Heinrich Hauser (1891–1956), actor (including The Eternal Source , 1939) Johannes Heesters (1903–2011), actor (including Jenny and the Man in a Tailcoat , 1941) and singer Karl Heidmann (1889–1946), actor (including Kopf hoch, Johannes! , 1941) and director Wilhelm Heim (1888–1954), actor (including Brüderlein fein , 1942) Karl Hellmer (1896–1974), actor (including Junge Adler , 1944 and Via Mala , 1945) Eric Helgar (1910–1992), actor (including Romance in a Minor Key , 1943), singer and later also television presenter Paul Henckels (1885–1967), actor (including The Glass Ball , 1937 and The Immortal Heart , 1939) Emil Hess (1889–1945), actor (including The Dismissal , 1942 and Back Then , 1943) Julius E. Hermann (1883–1945), actor (including Maturing Youth , 1933 and And You, My Darling, Are Coming With Me , 1937) Oskar Höcker (1892–1959), writer and actor (including Alarm in Peking , 1937 and Mann für Mann , 1939) – added to the list by hand Attila Hörbiger (1896–1987), actor (including Ernte , 1936 and Heimkehr , 1941) Paul Hörbiger (1894–1981), actor (including Der Zinker , 1931) Hans Holt (1909–2001), actor (including Whom the Gods Love , 1942) Walter Holten (1897–1972), voice actor and actor (including The Edelweiss King , 1939 and The Infinite Way , 1943) Willem Holsboer (1905–1959), theatre director and actor (including Kleine Residenz , 1942 and Man speake mir nicht von Liebe , 1943) Paul Hubschmid (1917–2002), actor (including The Tiger of Eschnapur , 1958 and The Indian Tomb , 1959) Emil Jannings (1884–1950), actor and Oscar winner in 1929 ( Best Actor ) Paul Klinger (1907–1971), actor (including Immensee , 1943 and Die Mädels vom Immenhof , 1955) and later also radio play and dubbing artist Gustav Knuth (1901–1987), actor (including Unter den Brücken , 1946 and Der eiserne Gustav , 1979) Viktor de Kowa (1904–1973), actor (including Little Man – Very Big , 1937/1938) and director (including Chin Up, Johannes!, 1941) Theo Lingen (1903–1978), actor and director (including Till Eulenspiegel , 1936 and Hurra, die Schule brennt , 1969) Curt Lucas (1888–1960), actor (including Life Goes On , 1945) Ferdinand Marian (1902–1946), actor (including the leading role of Joseph Süß Oppenheimer in the film Jud Süß, 1940) Kurt Meisel (1912–1994), actor (including The Great King , 1942 and Kolberg , 1945) – handwritten addition to the list Hubert von Meyerinck (1896–1971), actor (including Venus in Court , 1941) Bernhard Minetti (1905–1998), actor (including The Rothschilds , 1940 and Tiefland , 1944) Hans Moser (1880–1964), folk actor and singer of Viennese songs Harry Piel (1892–1963), actor (including Panik , 1940–43) and director Karl Platen (1877–1952), actor (mainly in various supporting roles) Carl Raddatz (1912–2004), actor (including Stukas , 1941 and Über alles in der Welt , 1940/1941) later also dubbing artist Heinz Rühmann (1902–1994), actor (including Die Feuerzangenbowle , 1944) Franz Schafheitlin (1895–1980), actor (including Night Nurse Ingeborg , 1958 and The Twins from Immenhof , 1973) Karl Schönböck (1909–2001), actor (including Schtonk! , 1992) Carl-Heinz Schroth (1902–1989), actor (including Wenn der Vater mit dem Sohne , 1955 and the TV series Jakob und Adele from 1981 to 1989) and director Otto Wernicke (1893–1965), actor (including as Inspector Lohmann in M , 1931 and The Testament of Dr. Mabuse , 1933) Mathias Wiemann (1902–1969), actor (including Hauke Haien in The Rider on the White Horse , 1933) ACTRESSES: Monika Burg (1918–2008), actress (including Titanic , 1943 and The Three from the Gas Station , 1955) Lil Dagover (1887–1980), actress (including The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari , 1920) Berta Drews (1901–1987), actress (including Hitlerjunge Quex , 1933 and The Tin Drum , 1979) – married to Heinrich George and mother of Götz George Hertha Feiler (1916–1970), actress (including Charley's Aunt , 1956) – wife of Heinz Rühmann Heli Finkenzeller (1911–1991), actress (including Das Bad auf der Tenne , 1943 and later in the series Das Traumschiff , 1981 and 1990) Elisabeth Flickenschildt (1905–1977), actress (including The Broken Jug , 1937) Käthe Haack (1897–1986), actress (among others Münchhausen , 1943) – third wife of Heinrich Schroth and mother of Hannelore Schroth Heidemarie Hatheyer (1918–1990), actress (including The Mountain Calls , 1938 and I Accuse , 1941) Margot Hielscher (1919–2017), actress and singer (participated in the Grand Prix Eurovision de la Chanson 1957 and 1958) Marianne Hoppe (1909–2002), actress (including The Step from the Path , 1939) – second wife of Gustaf Gründgens Brigitte Horney (1911–1988), actress (including Enemies , 1940 and Münchhausen , 1943) Käte Jöken-König (1898–1968), actress (including Jud Süß , 1940 and Ohm Krüger , 1941) and operetta singer Jenny Jugo (1904–2001), actress (including Pygmalion , 1935 and The Girlhood of a Queen , 1936) – personal friend of Joseph Goebbels Hilde Krahl (1917–1999), actress (including The Postmaster , 1940 and Heart of the World , 1952) Bruni Löbel (1920–2006), actress (including The 5th of June , 1942 and Quax in Afrika , 1943) Carsta Löck (1902–1993), actress (including U-boats westwards! , 1941 and later as maid Krösa-Maja in the television series Michel from Lönneberga ) Winnie Markus (1921–2002), actress (including Die Geierwally , 1940) Elfie Mayerhofer (1917–1992), actress (including Women for Golden Hill , 1938) and singer (known as Viennese Nightingale ) Lola Müthel (1919–2011), actress (including Achtung! Feindgehört! , 1940) Susi Nicoletti (1918–2005), actress (including Summer Love , 1942) Henny Porten (1890–1960), actress (including Skandal um Eva , 1930) Leni Riefenstahl (1902–2003), dancer, actress and director ( Triumph of the Will and Olympia ) Marika Rökk (1913–2004), actress (including in the first German color film Women are better diplomats , 1941) and singer ( I don't need any millions ) Annie Rosar (1888–1963), actress (including The Golden City , 1942) Magda Schneider (1909–1996), actress (including Am Abend auf der Heide , 1941 and Eines Tages , 1944) – mother of Romy Schneider Kristina Söderbaum (1912–2001), actress (including Verwehte Spuren , 1938 and Opfergang , 1944) – wife of Veit Harlan Erika von Thellmann (1902–1988), actress (including Love Letters from the Engadine , 1938 and Roses in Tyrol , 1940) Alice Treff (1906–2003), actress (including the sensational Casilla trial , 1939 and Wedding at Bärenhof , 1942) Olga Tschechowa (1897–1980), actress (including The Fox of Glenarvon , 1940 and Men in the Storm , 1941) Gisela Uhlen (1919–2007), actress (including Between Hamburg and Haiti , 1940 and Between Heaven and Earth , 1942) – mother of Susanne Uhlen Ilse Werner (1921–2005), actress (including The Swedish Nightingale , 1941 and We Make Music , 1942) and singer ( Request Concert for the Wehrmacht ) Sonja Ziemann (1926–2020) B. RADIO LIST The radio list was further broken down into the following sections: 1. Conductors , 2. Violinists , 3. Other instrumental soloists , 4. Pianists , 5. Singers , 6. Female singers , 7. Arrangers , 8. Copyists , 9. Speakers , 10. Authors and speakers for current programs (Zeitspiegel, lectures, etc.) and 11. Choirs . 1st conductor Hans Rosbaud – Strasbourg (1894–1962), conductor and composer Fritz Zaun – Berlin (1893–1966), conductor and from 1956 General Music Director of the Deutsche Oper am Rhein Curt Kretzschmar – Berlin (1894–1973), conductor and from 1940 musical director at the Reichssender Berlin - written on the list as Kurt Carl Michalski – Munich (1911–1998), conductor and composer - written on the list as Karl Werner Schmidt-Boelcke – Berlin (1903–1985), composer and conductor - written on the list as Boelke 2nd violinist Paul Richartz – Berlin (no further information) Bruno Sänger – Berlin (no further information) [ 74 ] Wilhelm Schröder – Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand 3. Other instrumental soloists Fritz Schröder – Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand Werner Friedrich – Berlin (no further information) Fred Dömpke – Berlin (1907–1985), jazz guitarist and bandoneon player Ernst Zebe – Berlin (no further information) Friedl Rexeis – Berlin (no further details) – handwritten again deleted Kurt Albrecht – Berlin (1895–1971), pianist and composer Franz Fijal – Berlin (no further information), also known as Franz Fijal-Lipinski , guitarist Rudolf Nel – Berlin (1908–1992), violist Camillo Wanausek – Berlin (1906–1999), flautist Jo Alex – Breslau (1895–1973), entertainer Ernst Franz – Frankfurt (no further information) – added to the list by hand Hermann Schittenhelm – Trossingen (1893–1979), accordionist and composer – added to the list by hand 4th pianist Herbert Jäger – Berlin (1902–1958), pianist and from 1936 presenter at Deutschlandsender – added to the list by hand Ludwig Kusche – Munich (1901–1982), pianist and composer Werner Neumann – Berlin (1905–1991), pianist and musicologist (founder of the Bach Archive in 1950) Erwin Bootz – Berlin (1907–1982), pianist and entertainer (including with the Comedian Harmonists ) Fritz Stamer – Berlin (* around 1900 – no further information), pianist and entertainer Viktor Graef – Vienna (1886–1969), pianist and singing teacher [ 75 ] – added to the list by hand Erwin Wredenhöft – Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand Detlef Kraus – Hamburg (1919–2008) – added to the list by hand, incorrectly spelled Detlev Krauss in the list 5th singer Karl Erb – Munich (1877–1958), singer (tenor) Georg Hann – Munich (1897–1950), Kammersänger (bass) Karl Friedrich – Vienna (1905–1981), singer (tenor) Oskar Röhling – Berlin (1900–1966), singer (tenor) [ 76 ] Ernst Kurz – Berlin (no further information) Georg Thomalla – Berlin (1915–1999), actor and later also voice actor Franz Heigl – Berlin (1901–1992), singer and entertainer Franz Schier – Vienna (1909–1954), pop singer and actor Toni Nießner – Vienna (1906–1986), meaning Tony Niessner , pop singer and actor Julius Katona – Berlin (1902–1977), opera singer (tenor) [ 77 ] Raymund Lutz - Posen (no further information) 6th singers Martina Wulf – Hamburg (1907–1982), opera singer (soprano) – awarded as Hamburg Kammersängerin Lisa Jungkind – Hamburg (1911–2001), opera singer (soprano) Gretl Schörg – Berlin (1914–2006), actress (including The Man Who Stole His Name , 1944) and operetta singer Betty Sedlmayer – Berlin (1904–2004), actress and operetta singer Jetty Topitz–Feiler – Vienna (no further information) Toni Gerhold – Vienna (no further information) Elsa Macha – Vienna (no further information) Liesl Andergast – Vienna (1905–1980), actress – sister of Maria Andergast Olga Ottmann – Berlin (no further information) – the attribution to the operetta singer Marie Ottmann is not certain Ingeborg Döderlein – Berlin (1911–1999), actress and operetta singer [ 78 ] – wife of Ralph Maria Siegel Magda Hain – Berlin (1920–1998), pop singer Margit Hofen – Berlin (no further information) Margarete Mühlenbeck – Schwerin (*1918 – no further information) [ 79 ] , soprano and pianist Eva Schönberg–Leschetitzky – Berlin (no further information) Lilly Bühler – Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand Herta Dumke - Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand 7. Arrangers Hanns Steinkopf – Berlin–Breslau (1901–1972), conductor Erich Kümmel called Walden – Berlin (1906–1960), conductor Frank Fux – Berlin (1902–1965), conductor and film composer Willi Matthes – Berlin (no further details) – handwritten again Karl Knauer – Berlin (1885–1945 missing), composer Ernst Hildebrandt – pianist with Wilfried Krüger (1918–1986), composer and conductor Walter Hartmann – Breslau (1927–1992), entertainer Kurt Budde – Berlin (1894–1971), conductor – added to the list by hand Erich Gutzeit – Berlin (1894–1971), entertainer – added to the list by hand Fritz Wicke – Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand Willi Lachner – Berlin (1895–1955), conductor – added to the list by hand Ernst Fischer – Berlin (1900–1975), composer of light music Martin Fischer – Special Arranger for Invasion Program (no further information) Alexander Steinbrecher – Vienna (1910–1982), composer Alois Pachernegg – Vienna (1892–1964), composer and conductor Franz Stolzenwald – Prague (1899–1969), composer of light music Horst Kudritzki – Prague (1911–1970), pianist and composer Adolf Steimel – Berlin (1907–1962), composer and orchestra conductor Franz Mück – Prague (1898–1957), jazz pianist and composer Erwin Mausz – Berlin (1899–1969), conductor Walter Jenson – special arranger for invasion program (1902–1952), composer and orchestra conductor Karl Satow – Berlin (1907–1966), composer – added to the list by hand Bernhard de Weille – Berlin (1915–1977), composer and music producer – added to the list by hand 8th copyist Franz Thon sen. – Berlin (*1884 – no further information) handwritten here very difficult to read the remark and 5 more 9th speaker Robert Assmann – Berlin (voice actor – no further information) [ 80 ] Herbert Klatt – Berlin (1909–1945), actor Karl–Heinz Reichel – Berlin (*1917 – no further information), actor and singer 10. Authors and speakers for current affairs programs (Zeitspiegel, lectures, etc.) Werner Brink - Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand Ernst Nebhut – Berlin (1898–1974), writer and screenwriter Heinz Graupner – Munich (1906–1966), physician and writer Ulrich Graf – Danzig (1908–1954), mathematician Heinitz – Hamburg (1883–1963), musicologist Walter Werner – Berlin (1922–1995), writer – added to the list by hand Paul Schaaf – (*1897 – no further information), writer [ 81 ] – added to the list by hand Ilse Oberg – Berlin (no further information) – added to the list by hand – refers to Ilse Obrig (1908–1978), author and speaker 11th choir Opera choir of 48 members at the Reichssender Berlin Opera choir of 48 members at the Reichssender Wien Singgemeinschaft Rudolf Lamy – Berlin (19 women, 13 men, one of them kv.) – added to the list by hand C. COMPOSERS FOR FILM AND RADIO AND ACCOMPANISTS FOR RADIO AND CONCERTS Divided into 35 composers (two subsequently deleted, three added by hand) and five accompanists. Composers: Werner Bochmann (1900–1993), hit and film composer (including Himmelhunde , 1942) Hans Otto Borgmann (1901–1977), film composer (including Hitler Youth Quex , 1933 with the song Our Flag flutters ahead of us ) Lothar Brühne (1900–1958), film composer (including I Break the Hearts of the Proudest Women , 1938) Ernst Erich Buder (1896–1962), film composer (including Soldiers are always soldiers , 1935) Franz Doelle (1883–1965), film composer (including I dreamed of love in May , 1926) Nico Dostal (1895–1981), composer (film music, operettas and orchestral works) Bernhard Eichhorn (1904–1980), film composer (including Anuschka , 1942) and conductor Werner Eisbrenner (1908–1981), film composer (including Große Freiheit No. 7 , 1943) Hans Elin (Jellinek) – name on the list misspelled, meaning Hanns Elin (pseudonym for Hanns Jelinek ), composer and later music teacher Albert Fischer (1896–1957), conductor and film composer Ernst Fischer (1900–1975), song and film composer Franz H. Friedl – Franz R. Friedl (1892–1977), conductor and film composer (including The Battle for Norway , 1940 and The Eternal Jew , 1940) Franz Grothe (1908–1982), conductor and film composer (including Tanz mit dem Kaiser , 1941 and Hab mich lieb!, 1942) Georg Hentzschel – meaning Georg Haentzschel (1908–1981), film composer (including Via Mala , 1945) Michael Jary (1906–1988), composer of popular songs (including Ich weiß, es wird einmal ein Wunder gehen and Davon geht die Welt nicht unter , both 1942) Rudolf Kattnigg (1895–1955), composer (including the operetta Balkanliebe , 1936) Peter Kreuder (1905–1981), composer (among others for the propaganda film Day of Freedom! – Our Wehrmacht , 1935) Eduard Künnecke – meaning Eduard Künneke (1885–1953), composer (including for the film series Till Eulenspiegel , 1936) Leo Leux (1893–1951), film composer (including The Stars Shine , 1938) Hanns Löhr – (1892–1982), composer, especially for entertainment music – added to the list by hand Theo Mackeben (1897–1953), song and film composer (including The Night is Not Just for Sleeping , 1938) Willy Matthes – Willy Mattes (1916–2002), composer and arranger Alois Melichar (1896–1976), film composer (including Secret Tibet , 1943) and conductor Edmund Nick (1891–1974), composer (including Das kleine Hofkonzert , 1935) and later also music writer Karl von Paus–Pertl – Karl Pauspertl (1897–1963), composer and conductor Anton Profes (1896–1976), song and film composer (including On Sunday my sweetheart wants to go sailing with me , 1929) – crossed out again by hand Willy Richartz (1900–1972), composer (including Oberwachtmeister Schwenke , 1935) and conductor Joe Rixner – Josef Rixner (1902–1973), composer of light music and conductor Gustav Adolf Schlemm – (1902–1987), composer and conductor (including at the television station Paul Nipkow ) – added to the list by hand Willy Schmidt-Gentner (1894–1964), composer (including Maskerade , 1934) Kurt Schroeder – meaning Kurt Schröder (1888–1962), composer (including Die Geliebte , 1939) and conductor – handwritten again crossed out Friedrich Schroeder – meaning Friedrich Schröder (1910–1972), film composer (including Akrobat schö-ö-ö-n , 1943) – added to the list by hand Norbert Schultze (1911–2002), composer (including propaganda songs such as Lili Marleen , 1939 or Bomben auf Engelland , 1939/1940 and Von Finnland bis zum Schwarzen Meer , 1941) Adolf Steimel (1907–1962), pop composer Otto Wagner (1924–1999), composer and arranger [ 82 ] Herbert Wind – Herbert Windt (1902–1973), film composer for various propaganda films (including The Campaign in Poland , 1940 or The Occupation of Dora , 1943) Wolfgang Zeller (1893–1967), film composer (including Eternal Forest , 1936 and People in the Storm , 1941) Companion (without alphabetical order): Siegfried Schultze (1897–1989), pianist [ 83 ] Bruno Seidler-Winkler (1880–1960), pianist and arranger Richard Jäger (no further information) [ 84 ] Franz Dorfmüller (1887–1974), pianist and music writer Franz Hallasch (no further information) [ 85 ] [ 86 ] Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Spanish Civil War Republican Propaganda Covers Spanish Civil War Republican Propaganda Covers SCW Republican Propaganda Covers Spanish Civil War REBUPLICAN PROPAGANDA COVERS & POSTCARDS Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

German Occupation Issue Postage stamps 1939-1945 German Occupation Issue Postage stamps 1939-1945 german occupation Issue Postage Stamps 1939-1945 German Occupation Issues 1939-1945 ALBANIA Mi.1-13 Definitives (09.1943) Mi.15-21 Aid for air attack victims (22.09.1944) ALSACE Mi.1-16 German definitives - Hindenburg Medallion (15.08.1940) ESTONIA Mi.1-3 Definitives (07/12.08.1941) Mi.4-9 Definitives (22.09.1941) ESTONIA - Local Issues Eliva (near Dorpat) Mi.1- A13 Definitives (10.07.1941) Mi.B13-A23 Various commemoratives (n.d.) Mi.24-38 Moscow Agricultural Exhibition 1940 Mi.A38-49 Further various commemoratives (n.d.) Hummuli ( 'EESTI POsT' , 'EESTI POST' or 'Esti Post' - not officially recognised) Mõisaküla (Moiseküll) Mi.1-7 Definitives (04.08.1941) Nõo (Nüggen) Mi1-5 Definitives (07.1941) Otepää (Odenpäh) Mi.1-2 Definitives (22.07.1941) Pärnu (Pernau) Mi.5-10 (type style I) Definitives (16.08.1941) Mi.1-10 (type style II) Definitives (14.09.1941 - not postally valid - see Michel catalogue) Puka (July 1941 - 'Puka/9. Juul. 1941' - not officially recognised) Rakvere (Wesenberg) (1941 - 'RAKVERE/ESTLAND/7.VIII.41' - not officially recognised) FRANCE Dunkirk Mi.1-3 Definitives (01.07.1940) Mi.4-28 Definitive pairs (n.d.) Mi.29-48 Semipostal (n.d.) Fortress Lorient Mi.1-A15 Definitives (02.1945) Mi.16-21 Semipostal (n.d.) Mi.22-23 Special stamps (n.d.) St. Nazaire Mi.1-2 Definitives of St. Nazaire chamber of commerce (09.1945) CHANNEL ISLANDS Guernsey Mi.I-II British definitives (Mi.201 & 218 - KGVI) diagonally bisected (27.12.1940) Mi.130H, 157H, 178H British definitives (KGV) diagonally bisected (27.12.1940) Mi.1-3 Definitives: Coat of Arms (18.02.1941/ 12.04.1944) Mi.4-5 Definitives: Coat of Arms (11.03./07.04.1942) Jersey Mi.1-2 Definitives: Coat of Arms (29.01.1941/01.04.1942) Mi.3-8 Definitives: Views of Jersey (01.06.1943/28.02.1944) Mi.P3-P8 Definitives: Views of Jersey Proof Printings (01.06.1943/28.02.1944) See 33/4 KOTOR German occupation Oct.1943 - 14th Nov.1944 Mi.1-6 Italian definitive overprints (01.1944) Mi.7-10 Yugoslavian definitive overprints (16.09.1944) KURLAND (COURLAND) Mi.1-3 German definitive overprints (20.04.1945) Mi.4 Definitive: Feldpost packet authorisation (20.04.1945) LAIBACH (LJUBLJANA) Mi.1-19 Italian definitive (05.01.1944) Mi.20 Express mail stamp of Italy (1944) Mi.21-27 Italian airmail stamps (05.01.1944) Mi.28 Italian airmail express stamp (01.1944) Mi.29-30 Red Cross: Italian Express stamps (02.1944) Mi.31-32 Aid for the homeless: Italian Italian Express stamps (02.1944) Mi.33-38 Aid for the orphans: Italian airmail stamps (02.1944) Mi.39-44 Winter aid: Italian airmail stamps (02.1944) Mi.45-60 Definitives: Views of Slovenia (03./05.1945) Postage Due stamps Mi.1-9 Italian postage due stamps (1944) LATVIA Mi.1-6 Soviet Union definitives (17./23.07.1941) LITHUANIA Mi.1-9 Soviet Union definitives (05.07.1941) Issue for Southern Lithuanian Vilna area Mi.10-18 Soviet Union definitives (16.07.1941) LITHUANIA - Local Issues Alsedžiai (Alsedschen) Mi.1-10 Soviet Union definitives (06.1941) Mi.A10-C10 Soviet Union definitives - Lenin (06.1941) Mi.11-27 Soviet Union definitives (06.1941) Mi.28-36 Soviet Union definitives (07.1941) Mi.A36 Lithuanian commemorative (07.1941) Panevežys (Ponewesch) Mi.1-3 Soviet Union definitives (06.1941) Mi.4-9 Soviet Union definitives (07.1941) Raseiniai (Rossingen) Mi.1-7 Soviet Union definitives (06.1941) Mi.8-11 Soviet Union commemoratives (07.1941) Rokiškis (Rakischki) Mi.1-7 Soviet Union definitives (30.06.1941) Telšiai (Telschen) Mi.1-7 Soviet Union definitives (30.06.1941) Mi.8-9 Soviet Union commemoratives (03.07.1941) Mi.10 Soviet Union commemorative (03.07.1941) Mi.11-25 Soviet Union commemoratives (03.07.1941) Ukmerge (Wilkomir) Mi.1-5 Soviet Union definitives (1941) Zarasai (Zargrad) Mi.1-7 Soviet Union definitives (30.06.1941) LORRAINE Mi.1-16 German definitives - Hindenburg Medallion (15.08.1940) LUXEMBURG Mi.1-16 German definitives - Hindenburg Medallion (15.08.1940) Mi.17-32 Luxemburg definitives (05.12.1940) Mi.33-41 German Winter Aid stamps (12.01.1941) MACEDONIA Mi.1-8 Bulgarian definitive stamps (30.10.1944) MONTENEGRO Mi.1-9 Yugoslavian definitive stamps (22.11.1943) Mi.10-19 definitive stamps and airmail stamps of Montenegro (09.12.1943) Mi.20-28 Refugee Aid. Stamps of Yugoslavia, Montenegro & Italy (22.05.1944) Mi.29-35 Red Cross. Stamps of Yugoslavia, Montenegro & Italy (31.07.1944) OSTLAND (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania & Belo Russia) Mi.1-9 German definitives - Hitler Head (04.11.1941) Mi.S1-S4 German definitives - Hitler Head - Vending machine Se-tenants (n.d.) RUSSIA Pleskau Mi.I-V Soviet Union definitives (07.08.1941) Mi.1 German definitive - Hindenburg Medallion (09.08.1941) Mi.2-9 Soviet Union definitives (1941) Mi.10-11 Definitives (1941/1942) Mi.12 Aid for city kindergartens (1941/1942) Mi.13X Miniature sheet: Aid for city kindergartens (01.12.1941) Mi.14-15 Definitives (1942) Mi.16 Aid for city kindergartens (1942) Mi.17 Miniature sheet: Red Cross (28.02.1942) Mi.18 Miniature sheet: Red Cross (1942) Ljady (Occupied Leningrad) Mi.1-2 German definitives - Hindenburg Medallion & Hitler Head (12.1941) SERBIA Mi.1-15 Yugoslavian definitives (02.06.1941) Mi.16-25 Yugoslavian airmail stamps (10.07.1941) Mi.26-30 Yugoslavian airmail stamps (28.07.1941) Mi.31-45 Yugoslavian definitives (01.09.1941) Mi.46-49 Aid for Semendria (22.09.1941) Mi.50-51 (Block 1) Miniature sheet: Aid for Semendria (22.09.1941) Mi.52-53 (Block 2) Miniature sheet: Aid for Semendria (22.09.1941) Mi.54-57 Aid for Serbian POWs (05.12.1941) Mi.58-61 Anti Free Mason Exhibition in Belgrade (01.01.1942) Mi.62-65 Aid for Serbian POWs (24.03.1942) Mi.66-70 Yugoslavian airmail stamps (05.07.1942) Mi.71-81 Definitives (10.01.1942/1943) Mi.82-85 Aid for the poor (13.09.1942) Mi.86-89 Aid for Serbian war invalids (16.05.1943) Mi.90-91 (Block 3) Miniature sheet: Aid for Serbian war invalids (16.05.1943) Mi.92-93 (Block 4) Miniature sheet: Aid for Serbian war invalids (16.05.1943) Mi.94-98 Centennial of Serbian Post (15.10.1943) Mi.99-107 Aid for bombed out on Niš (11.12.1943) Official Stamp Mi.1 Official stamp (01.01.1943) Postage Due Stamps Mi.1-8 Postage due stamps (24.06.1941) Mi.9-15 Postage due stamps (10.01.1942) Mi.16-22 Postage due stamps (01.07.1943) UKRAINE Mi.1-18 German definitives - Hitler Head (04.11.1941) Mi.19-20 German definitives - Hitler Head (1943) (Provisional transition period 1941 - see Michel) UKRAINE Special issue of the German Civil Administration prior to the opening of the Official Post. Alexanderstadt District (Bolschaja Alexandrovka) Mi.1 Soviet Union definitives (15.12.1941) Mi.1-16 Soviet Union definitives (01./03.1942) Sarny District Mi.1-3 Definitive stamps: Control tags (18.10.1941) Mi.4-6 Definitive stamps: Control tags (28.10.1941) Vosnessensk District Mi.1-2 Definitives (02.1942) No genuine legitimate covers known UKRAINE Provisional issues of the German Civil Administration after the withdrawal of the Official Post. Southern Ukraine (general issue) Mi.1-7 Definitive stamps of the Ukrainian Provisional Post (03.02.1944) Northern Ukraine (district issues) Luboml Mi.8-11 Definitives (04.1944) Wladimir-Wolynsk Mi.12-15 Definitives (04.1944) Gorochov Mi.16 Definitive (03.1944) Mi.17-20 Definitive (15.06.1944) Luboml Mi.21-24 Definitives (15.06.1944) Without 'Gebietskommissar' Wladimir-Wolynsk Mi.25-28 Definitives (15.06.1944) Without 'Gebietskommissar' ZANTE Mi.I-II Definitives (22.10.1943) Mi.1-3 Definitives (22.10.1943) ZARA Mi.1-19 Italian definitive stamps (09.10.1943) Mi.20 Italian definitive stamp (09.10.1943) Mi.21-22 Italian definitive express stamps (09.10.1943) Mi.23-30 Italian definitive airmail stamps (09.10.1943) Mi.31 Italian definitive airmail express stamp (09.10.1943) Mi.32-34 Italian definitive stamps (06.11.1943) Mi.35-36 Italian definitive stamps (06.11.1943) Mi.37-38 Italian definitive express stamps (06.11.1943) Postage Due Stamps Mi.1-11 Italian postage due stamps (09.10.1943) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Souvenir Sheets General Purpose (C) Souvenir Sheets General Purpose (C) Souvenir Sheets General Purpose SOUVENIR SHEETS Without a printed date, for general purpose use (C) C12 - 'Deutsche/ Sondermarken/ im Kriege' (between two Iron Crosses) B&M Mi.85-88 (1942) C14 - 'Deutsche/ Sondermarken/ im Kriege' (between an Eagle and Iron Cross) Mi.812 C16 - 'Deutsche/ Sondermarken/ im Kriege' (between two Iron Crosses) Mi.850-853 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

29th June 1945 29th June 1945

2nd December 1945 August Brückner 2nd December 1945 August Bruckner August Brückner See 01.12.1945 - 18/36 Note that the Pulsnitz special cancel has Bochmann listings in 1944 and 1946 but not 1945 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Kriegsmarine U-Boat vessel directory Kriegsmarine U-Boat vessel directory U-Boot U-Boat directory Kriegsmarine U-Boat Directory U-Boats U-29 (see 30/91) Miscellaneous Submariner uniforms Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

29th January 1945 Stalag XIII-D 29th January 1945 Stalag XIII-D Stalag XIII-D Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Mi.116-119 (28.09.1945) Definitive Mi.116-119 (28.09.1945) Definitive West Saxony Definitives Registered cover sent from Leipzig to an address in Berlin. Featuring various definitive stamps, including a lesser seen 8 Pf (Mi.118 Y) with Wz.1 watermark ascending. Ref: 19.10.1945 Soviet Zone - West Saxony Mi.116-119 issued 28th September 1945 Also see 19/23 5pf - Mi.116 X. With descending 'staircase' watermark (when view from the reverse) Ref: 19.10.1945 6pf - Mi.117 X. With descending 'staircase' watermark (when view from the reverse) Ref: 07.11.1945 8pf - Mi.118 Y. With ascending 'staircase' watermark (when view from the reverse) Ref: 19.10.1945 12pf - Mi.119 X. With descending 'staircase' watermark 9when viewed from the reverse). Ref: 30.11.1945 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

20th July Bomb Plot 20th July Bomb Plot 20th July Bomb Plot 20th July Bomb Plot Protagonists cited in the Brief History collection Bonhoeffer , Dietrich (1906-1945) Dohnányi , Hans von (1902-1945) Schleicher , Rüdiger (1895-194 5 Schulenburg , Graf von der (1875-1944) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page