19th January 1946 19th January 1946 Mi.P299I Mi.3 Mi.299I 'obliterated' with Allied Military Post Mi.3 Mi.299I 'obliterated' with Allied Military Post Mi.3

23rd October 1946 Civil Censorship Detachment 23rd October 1946 CCD Civil Censorship Detachment Commercial window envelope sent from Munich to an unknown address, featuring a 'RELEASED/ CCD/ GROUP A' machine cancel (four stars and three circle 'target'). Ref: 23.10.1946 Released/ CCD/ Group “A” - Munich inspection office This postmark exists as a 2-line and as a 3-line postmark, according to Riemer and used exclusively for overroller mail at the end of 1945/beginning of 1946. It is known from the same source that the inspected overrollers were gradually returned to the German postal service from the end of August 1945. They were then forwarded on, except for items to the district of Lindau and for areas outside Bavaria. Such items were collected and stored at PA Mnch 2, valuable letters at PA Mnch 3. The ‘old post’ was documented for the last time in a letter from the OPD Munich dated 2nd December 1945 to the post offices of the district: '... Old mail arriving from the British, French and Russian zones can be delivered, even if a censor stamp is not affixed to the individual items.' Source: Meschenmoser, 1984 Variations 'CCD' cover with 'RELEASED/ CCD/ GROUP A' machine cancel (four stars, date cancel with two stars). Riemer A-23 (Abb 27) WP100. Ref: 11.07.1947 - 15/26 'CCD' cover with 'RELEASED/ CCD/ GROUP A' machine cancel (date cancel without stars). Ref: 04.02.1947 - 15/91 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

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8th February 1946 8th February 1946 crusemann Cover sent to 'Korvettenkapiän a.D. Fr. Crüsemann'. Ref: 08.02.1946 - 13/50 Cover sent to 'Korvettenkapiän a.D. Fr. Crüsemann'. Ref: 08.02.1946 - 13/50 Notes on Friedrich Crüsemann U 86 was launched at the Germania shipyard in Kiel on 7 November 1916 and was commissioned on 30 November 1916. From February 1917 the boat was assigned to the IV. The commanders of the submarine were Kapitänleutnant Friedrich Crüsemann (30 November 1916 to 22 June 1917), Kapitänleutnant Alfred Götze (23 June 1917 to 25 January 1918) and Oberleutnant zur See Helmut Patzig (26 January 1918 to 11 November 1918). U 86 carried out ten operations in the eastern North Atlantic around the British Isles during World War I. In the process, 32 merchant ships with a total tonnage of 119,411 gross registered tonnes (GRT) were sunk. These included ships of the Entente powers as well as ships flying neutral flags. In addition, on 15 December 1917, a French naval tug was damaged by gunfire south of Belle-Île.

Mi.162-165 (08.-20.05.1946) Leipzig Fair Mi.162-165 (08.-20.05.1946) Leipzig Fair Mi.162-165 Leipzig Fair Cover sent from Leipzig to Solothurn. Featuring 'Leipzig Fair' stamps Mi.162A - Mi.165A. Note: The senders address to the reverse reads 'Deutschland - USA - Zone', the use of 'USA' being unusual. Ref: 15.10.1946 - 10/73 Allied Occupation - Soviet Zone - West Saxony 'Leipzig Fair' Mi.162 - 165 issued 8th (perf) and 20th (imperf) May 1946 Mi.162A (issued May 8th 1946). Ref: 15.10.1946 - 10/73 Mi.163A (issued May 8th 1946). Ref: 15.10.1946 - 10/73 Mi.164A (issued May 8th 1946). Ref: 15.10.1946 - 10/73 Mi.165A (issued May 8th 1946). Ref: 15.10.1946 - 10/73 Souvenir sheet Souvenir sheet for the first peacetime trade fair. Featuring Mi.162-165. Ref: 12.05.1946 - 17/53 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

1st July 1946 Buchhandlung 1st July 1946 Buchhandlung Johanna Stopp Commercial postage (four sides) sent from bookseller Johanna Stopp in Schierling to a company in Hannover. Many of the books for sales regard the changes to wage tax in the British zone from 1st July 1946. Ref: 01.07.1946 - 15/22 Reverse - further details of books for sale and a reply card. Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

12th January 1946 Thyssen AG 12th January 1946 Thyssen AG Cover sent to the Thyssen steel company form an ophthalmologist (both in Leipzig - note the postmarked time as '12' and the received date stamp as '18' on the 12th January). Ref: 12.01.1946 Thyssen AG Thyssen was a major German steel producer founded by August Thyssen. The company merged with Friedrich Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp to form ThyssenKrupp in 1999. On 29th September 1891, August Thyssen and his brother Joseph Thyssen came to be in possession of all shares of Gewerkschaft Deutscher Kaiser , a coal mining company. On 17th December 1891, the steelworks of the same company opened in Hamborn (today part of Duisburg). The Nazi rearmament policy and subsequent war made the plants essential to the war economy. After the end of World War II, the Allies ordered the company to be liquidated and in 1953 a new company, also named August Thyssen-Hütte AG , was formed in Duisburg. The other mills of the company in Duisburg became legally independent entities; in the 1950s and 1960s they were reintegrated into the Thyssen group. However, the mining division was not reconglomerated; thus Thyssen became largely a steel company. 'Fritz' Thyssen Friedrich 'Fritz' Thyssen (1873 - 1951) was a German businessman, born into one of Germany's leading industrial families. He was an early supporter of the Nazi Party but later broke with it. Thyssen welcomed the Nazi suppression of leftist organisations such as the Communist Party, the Social Democratic Party, and trade unions. In 1934, he was one of the business leaders who persuaded Hitler to suppress the SA, leading to the 'Night of the Long Knives'. Thyssen became a member of Hans Frank's Academy for German Law. He accepted the anti-Jewish legislation in pre-war Nazi Germany that excluded Jews from business and professional life, and dismissed his Jewish employees. But as a Catholic, he objected to the increasing Nazi persecution of the Catholic Church in Germany, which gathered pace after 1935: in 1937 he sent a letter to Hitler, protesting at the persecution of Christians in Germany. The breaking point for Thyssen was the violent pogrom against the Jews in November 1938, known as Kristallnacht , which caused him to resign from the Prussian Council of State. By 1939 he was also bitterly criticising Nazi economic policies, which focused on rearmament in preparation for war. On 1st September 1939, the invasion of Poland marked the commencement of World War II. Thyssen sent Hermann Göring a telegram saying he was opposed to the war, shortly after arriving in Switzerland with his family. He was expelled from the Nazi Party and the Reichstag, and his company was nationalised. The company was returned to other members of the Thyssen family several years after the war. In 1940, Thyssen took refuge and moved to France, intending to emigrate to Argentina, but was caught up in the German invasion of France and the Low Countries while he was visiting his ill mother in Belgium. He was arrested by Vichy France and sent back to Germany, where he was confined, first in a sanatorium near Berlin, then from 1943 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp. His wife Amelie did not escape to Argentina and spent the whole war in the concentration camp with her husband. In February 1945, Thyssen was sent to Dachau concentration camp. He was comparatively well-treated and transferred to Tyrol in late-April 1945 together with other prominent inmates, where the SS left the prisoners behind. He was liberated by the 42nd Infantry Division and 45th Infantry Division on 5th May 1945. While Thyssen was imprisoned in Germany, a memoirs was published in the United States in 1941 under the title I Paid Hitler . The book was ghostwritten by the journalist Emery Reves, the memoirs are seen as unreliable by historians. Thyssen was tried for being a supporter of the Nazi Party. He did not deny that he had been a Nazi supporter until 1938, and he accepted responsibility for his companies' mistreatment of Jewish employees in the 1930s, although he denied involvement in the employment of slave labour during the war. On 2nd October 1948, a denazification tribunal declared Thyssen a lesser offender and sentenced him to a fine of 15% of his assets. Thyssen agreed to pay 500,000 Deutschmarks (equivalent to €1,652,535 in 2021) as compensation to those who suffered as a result of his actions, and was acquitted of other charges. In January 1950, he and his wife emigrated to Buenos Aires, where he died the following year. Thyssen was buried in the family mausoleum in Mülheim. Source: Wikipedia Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

26th August 1946 First Official Air Mail Flight 26th August 1946 First Official Air Mail Flight FAM-24 "First Flight' cover sent from New York to Berlin. Ref: 26.08.1946 Air mail from the USA to Germany officially resumed on the 28th August 1946 - the rate being 30c. Only covers mailed through Morgan Station in New York were eligible for first flights. The cover depicted here is sent from Church Street Station, New York, yet still appears to have the correct postage cancellations. Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

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8th December 1946 Block 12 A 8th December 1946 Block 12 A Souvenir postcard for the 'Briefmarken-Ausstellung Berlin'. Ref: 08.12.1946 - 14/97 Block 12 A Issued on 8th December 1946 for the Philatelic Exhibition in Berlin with a set of three connected stamps, 20 Pf (Mi.924A), 24 Pf (Mi.925A), and 40 Pf (Mi.929A). Available both perforated (perf. 14) and imperf. The block was only available in connection with the entrance cost of 6 Rm. The values given in Michel are for stamps connected to selvage (margins). NOT as the example shown above and detailed below. These stamps are loose examples placed side-by-side. The orignal is printed with the lower 'POST' block of colour in a straight horizontal line (the 24 Pf shown below is in a lower position). R-Label (Type 751) Stamp exhibition Berlin-Zeughaus Refugee and Elderly Aid. Ref: 08.12.1946 - 16/7 From 1946 onwards, the Berlin State Printing Office produced this R-sheet type using roll-letter printing. R-sheets with different font sizes are known: semi-bold, smaller semi-bold and skinny narrow. This type was used in the following postal directorates from 1946 until the slips were exhausted : 1, 16, 17a, 20a, 20b, 21b, 22a, 24a and 24b (Berlin, Braunschweig, Dortmund, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Hanover, Karlsruhe and Kiel). Contact Brief History to inform us of additonal information regarding this page

Mi.1-12 (16.02.1946) Finsterwalde Local Issue Mi.1-12 (16.02.1946) Finsterwalde Local Issue Finsterwalde local Issue Commercial postcard (franked but unaddressed) produced by Heinz Paulke in Köthen. Featuring a full set of Finsterwalde local issues (Mi.1-12) in aid of reconstruction. Note: Heinz Paulke covers identical to this are available. Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.1-12 Finsterwalde Local Issue in aid of reconstruction Mi.1 (3+2 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.2 (4+3 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.3 (5+5 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.4 (6+4 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.5 (8+7 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.6 (10+8 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.7 (12+8 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.8 (20+10 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.9 (30+20 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.10 (40+35 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.11 (42+38 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Mi.12 (60+40 Pf). Ref: 29.03.1946 - 17/34 Heinz Paulke Further research required Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page