Cover with postage stamp depicting Friedrich the Great (Mi.480) with slogan, 'Also demand the commemorative postcard'. Label + stamp = W45, taken from MHB 28. Postage stamp issued for the opening session of the new Reichstag in Potsdam. Lesser seen combination on cover. Ref: 01.11.1933 1st November 1933 MHB 28 Cover with postage stamp depicting Friedrich the Great (Mi.480) with slogan, 'Also demand the commemorative postcard'. Label + stamp = W45, taken from MHB 28. Postage stamp issued for the opening session of the new Reichstag in Potsdam. Lesser seen combination on cover. Ref: 01.11.1933 Stamp sequences from booket sheet MHB 28 W45 (A4 + Mi.480) from MHB 28. Ref: 01.11.1933 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

29th December 1934 Christ the King Society Christ the King Society ( Missionary Society of the White Cross amongst other names) See 29.12.1934 - 24/24 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Official postcard commemorating the 1934 Reichsparteitag in Nuremberg (Mi.P252). Valid until 31st December 1935. Ref: 04.09.1934 4th September 1934 Mi.P252 Official postcard commemorating the 1934 Reichsparteitag in Nuremberg (Mi.P252). Valid until 31st December 1935. Ref: 04.09.1934 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

23rd September 1934 Braunschweig Schloß Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

6th March 1934 Richard Wagner Memorial Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard depicting a vista of Nuremberg as seen from Nuremberg Castle. Ref: 07.09.1933 7th September 1933 Nuremberg Postcard depicting a vista of Nuremberg as seen from Nuremberg Castle. Ref: 07.09.1933 Nürnberg (Nuremberg) (Überroller-post - Allied occupation 20.04.1945) Nuremberg is the largest city in Franconia, the second-largest city in the German state of Bavaria, and its 545,000 inhabitants make it the 14th-largest city in Germany. Postcard depicting the central station in Nuremberg. It is the largest station in north Bavaria. As a result of allied bombing at the end of the Second World War the station building, with the exception of the Jugendstil lounge suffered heavily and on 16th March 1945 had to be closed for nine years. Its reconstruction took place between 1945 and 1956 and had to be simplified due to a lack of money. Ref:24.07.1937 Nuremberg held great significance during the Nazi Germany era. Because of the city's relevance to the Holy Roman Empire and its position in the centre of Germany, the Nazi Party chose the city to be the site of huge Nazi Party conventions: the Nuremberg rallies. The rallies were held in 1927, 1929 and annually from 1933 through 1938. After Adolf Hitler's rise to power in 1933 the Nuremberg rallies became huge Nazi propaganda events, a centre of Nazi ideals. The 1934 rally was filmed by Leni Riefenstahl, and made into a propaganda film called Triumph des Willens ( Triumph of the Will ). Postcard depicting the Nürnburger Berg and surrounding buildings. The reverse has a privately printed 'Reichsparteitag' imprint (see 01.09.1933 Nuremberg Rally 1933). Ref: 01.09.1933 At the 1935 rally, Hitler specifically ordered the Reichstag to convene at Nuremberg to pass the Nuremberg Laws which revoked German citizenship for all Jews and other non-Aryans. A number of premises were constructed solely for these assemblies, some of which were not finished. Many examples of Nazi architecture can still be seen in the city. The city was also the home of the Nazi propagandist Julius Streicher, the publisher of Der Stürmer . During the Second World War, Nuremberg was the headquarters of Wehrkreis (military district) XIII, and an important site for military production, including aircraft, submarines, and tank engines. A subcamp of Flossenbürg concentration camp was located here, and extensively used slave labour. Many Nuremberg Jews either fled from Germany during the Nazi era, or stayed and were then rounded-up and transported to various concentration camps where they were killed. At the end of the War in 1945, there were no Jews left in Nuremberg. There are many Stolpersteine installed in the streets of the city; these commemorate Jews who were persecuted by the Nazi regime. On 2nd January 1945, the medieval city centre was systematically bombed by the Royal Air Force and the U.S. Army Air Forces and about ninety percent of it was destroyed in only one hour, with 1,800 residents killed and roughly 100,000 displaced. In February 1945, additional attacks followed. In total, about 6,000 Nuremberg residents are estimated to have been killed in air raids. Nuremberg was a heavily fortified city that was captured in a fierce battle lasting from 17th to 20th April 1945 by the U.S. 3rd Infantry Division, 42nd Infantry Division and 45th Infantry Division, which fought house-to-house and street-by-street against determined German resistance, causing further urban devastation to the already bombed and shelled buildings. Despite this intense degree of destruction, the city was rebuilt after the war and was to some extent restored to its pre-war appearance, including the reconstruction of many of its medieval buildings. Much of this reconstructive work and conservation was done by the organisation 'Old Town Friends Nuremberg'. Today 25 % of Nürnbergs buildings date to before World War II and the old town is a declared protected area, so the northeastern half of the old Imperial Free City had to be largely reconstructed. Between 1945 and 1946, German officials involved in war crimes and crimes against humanity were brought before an international tribunal in the Nuremberg trials. The Soviet Union had wanted these trials to take place in Berlin. However, Nuremberg was chosen as the site for the trials for specific reasons: The city had been the location of the Nazi Party's Nuremberg rallies and the laws stripping Jews of their citizenship were passed there. There was symbolic value in making it the place of Nazi demise. The Palace of Justice was spacious and largely undamaged (one of the few that had remained largely intact despite extensive Allied bombing of Germany). The already large courtroom was reasonably easily expanded by the removal of the wall at the end opposite the bench, thereby incorporating the adjoining room. A large prison was also part of the complex. As a compromise, it was agreed that Berlin would become the permanent seat of the International Military Tribunal and that the first trial (several were planned) would take place in Nuremberg. Due to the Cold War, subsequent trials never took place. Following the trials, in October 1946, many prominent German Nazi politicians and military leaders were executed in Nuremberg. The same courtroom in Nuremberg was the venue of the Nuremberg Military Tribunals, organised by the United States as occupying power in the area. In order to come to terms with the role Nuremberg played during the Third Reich, the city established the Nuremberg International Human Rights Award in 1995, awarded every two years to individuals or groups defending human rights worldwide. 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Main image: Albert Klickow advertising postcard. Ref: 17.05.1933. Gallery images: Reverse of main image together with other Albert Klickow advertising postcards. 17th May 1933 Albert Klickow Main image: Albert Klickow advertising postcard. Ref: 17.05.1933. Gallery images: Reverse of main image together with other Albert Klickow advertising postcards. Aslo see 23.07.1938 23.07.1938 - 28/25 31.12.1938 (New Year 1939) 25.02.1939 (imprint III. 39. 1000) 01.04.1939 (Frohne Ostern) 19.05.1940 (using a Mi.P40 postcard (1900) with advertising) 23.07.1942 10.12.1945 No date Ref: 26/96 (25 Years of Klickow 1912-1937 - imprint VIII. 37. 1000) Consider a page for each with links backward and forward as per 'News in Brief' For further images see Bender Vol 1, pp.64-68 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard depicting the town of Tübingen. Ref: 11.10.1934 11th October 1934 Tubingen Postcard depicting the town of Tübingen. Ref: 11.10.1934 Tübingen (Überroller-post - Allied occupation 19.04.1945) From Wikipedia: Tübingen is a traditional university city in central Baden-Württemberg , Germany . It is situated 30 km (19 mi) south of the state capital, Stuttgart , and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer rivers. In the Nazi era, the Tübingen Synagogue was burned in the Kristallnacht on 9th November 1938. The Second World War left the city largely unscathed, mainly because of the peace initiative of a local doctor, Theodor Dobler . It was occupied by the French army and became part of the French zone of occupation. From 1946 to 1952, Tübingen was the capital of the newly formed state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern (as French : Tubingue ), before the state of Baden-Württemberg was created by merging Baden , Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern. The French troops had a garrison stationed in the south of the city until the end of the Cold War in the 1990s. Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

7th December 1934 Eggert Reinhart Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard issued by the Nazi Party together with propaganda labels for the Presidential elections of 13th March 1932. The message printed on pink paper reads, 'Thälmann doesn't say a word about the Jews having caused inflation, that's why we elect Hitler'. The message printed on cream paper reads, 'Under the S.P.D. we became breadless, now we vote for Hitler'. Ref: 11.03.1932 - Fleurs & Papillons 11th March 1932 Presidential Election, March 1932 Postcard issued by the Nazi Party together with propaganda labels for the Presidential elections of 13th March 1932. The message printed on pink paper reads, 'Thälmann doesn't say a word about the Jews having caused inflation, that's why we elect Hitler'. The message printed on cream paper reads, 'Under the S.P.D. we became breadless, now we vote for Hitler'. Ref: 11.03.1932 - Fleurs & Papillons Ernst Thälmann and the Presidential Election, 13th March 1932 From Wikipedia (2024): Ernst Thälmann (1886-1944), German communist politician, and leader of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) from 1925 to 1933. A committed communist, Thälmann played a major role during the political instability of the Weimar Republic, especially in its final years, when the KPD explicitly sought to overthrow the liberal democracy of the republic. Under his leadership the KPD became intimately associated with the government of the Soviet Union and the policies of Joseph Stalin. The KPD under Thälmann's leadership regarded the Social Democratic Party (SPD) as its main adversary and the party adopted the position that the social democrats were 'social fascists'. (Also see: https://www.briefhistory.co.uk/1946/karl-liebknecht ) Thälmann was also leader of the paramilitary Roter Frontkämpferbund . He was arrested by the Gestapo in 1933 and held in solitary confinement for eleven years; for political reasons, Stalin did not seek his release after the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact with Germany, and Thälmann's party rival Walter Ulbricht ignored requests to plead on his behalf. Thälmann was shot on Adolf Hitler's personal orders in Buchenwald in 1944. Unused fund-raising postcard (from 1929) for National Socialist prisoners and wounded. Painting by Felix Albrecht. Below the image the statement from Ernst Röhm reads, 'Your will is demanding victory'. Together with a 50 Pf donation label for the Reichspräsidenten-Wahlkampf of March 1932. Ref: Fleurs & Papillons Biography of Felix Albrecht Presidential Election, 1932 Presidential elections were held in Germany on 13th March, with a runoff on 10th April. Independent incumbent Paul von Hindenburg won a second seven-year term against Adolf Hitler of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Communist Party (KPD) leader Ernst Thälmann also ran and received more than ten percent of the vote in the runoff. Theodor Duesterberg , the deputy leader of the World War I veterans' organization Der Stahlhelm , ran in the first round but dropped out of the runoff. This was the second and final direct election to the office of President of the Reich ( Reichspräsident ), Germany's head of state under the Weimar Republic . (The KPD's slogan was 'A vote for Hindenburg is a vote for Hitler; a vote for Hitler is a vote for war.' Thälmann returned as a candidate in the second round of the election, as it was permitted by the German electoral law, but his vote count lessened from 4,983,000, in the first round, to 3,707,000.) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

5th October 1933 Mi.P281 Postcard Mi.P281/I with special cancel - Bochmann: Zwickau9 (Sachsen) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

5th January 1934 swakopmund-swa-050134 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page