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12th November 1941 Serbian Mi.P1-P6 12th November 1941 Serbian Mi.P1-P6 Serbian Mi.P2 reverse Serbian Mi.P2 reverse 1/1 Serbian postal stationery Mi.P2 (1 Din green with red 'SERBIEN' from top left to bottom right, red guilloche overprint only over the old form - issued July 1941). Ref: 12.11.1941 Serbia Postal Stationery (post Yugoslavian armistice and surrender 18th April 1941) The invasion of Yugoslavia, also known as the April War or Operation 25, was a German-led attack on the Kingdom of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers which began on 6th April 1941 during World War II. The order for the invasion was put forward in 'Führer Directive No. 25', which Adolf Hitler issued on 27th March 1941, following a Yugoslav coup d'état that overthrew the pro-Axis government. The invasion commenced with an overwhelming air attack on Belgrade and facilities of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force (VVKJ) by the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) and attacks by German land forces from southwestern Bulgaria. These attacks were followed by German thrusts from Romania, Hungary and the Ostmark (modern-day Austria, then part of Germany). Italian forces were limited to air and artillery attacks until 11th April, when the Italian Army attacked towards Ljubljana (in modern-day Slovenia) and through Istria and Lika and down the Dalmatian coast. On the same day, Hungarian forces entered Yugoslav Bačka and Baranya, but like the Italians they faced practically light resistance. Italians moved into Dalmatia also from Italian-controlled Albania, after repelling an initial Yugoslav attack there. Scholars have proposed several theories to explain the sudden collapse of the Royal Yugoslav forces, including poor training and equipment, generals eager to secure a quick cessation of hostilities, and fifth column activities by groups of Croatians, Slovenians, and ethnic Germans. The latter has been questioned by scholars who have suggested that the fifth column had little effect on the ultimate outcome. The invasion ended when an armistice was signed on 17th April 1941, based on the unconditional surrender of the Yugoslav army, which came into effect at noon on 18th April. The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was then occupied and partitioned by the Axis powers. Most of Serbia and the Banat became a German zone of occupation while other areas of Yugoslavia were annexed by neighbouring Axis countries, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Albania and Bulgaria. Source: Wikipedia (2025) Mi.VP77 (1 Din red - issued 1937) Mi.VP78 (2 Din Carmine-red - issued 1937) Mi.VP85 (1 Din green - issued 1940) Mi.P1 (1 Din green with decorative green mesh - issued June 1941) Mi.P2 (1 Din green with red 'SERBIEN' from top left to bottom right, red guilloche overprint only over the old form - issued July 1941). Ref: 12.11.1941 Mi.P2 (1 Din green with decorative red mesh and 'SERBIEN' - issued July 1941) Mi.P3 (1.50 Din overprint on 1 Din green and 'SRBIJA' - issued August 1942) Mi.P4 (1.50 Din overprint on 1.50 Din green and 'SRBIJA' - issued 1943 onwards) Mi.P5 (undecorated postcard with Serbia Cyrillic text 'SRBIJA' above 'POST KARTE' - issued June 1943) Mi.P6 (2 Din green - issued August 1944) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

19th January 1946 19th January 1946 Mi.299I 'obliterated' with Allied Military Post Mi.3 Mi.299I 'obliterated' with Allied Military Post Mi.3 1/1

Barlog cartoon postcard depicting two soldiers wringing out a wet tunic (with caption overhead). Bestell-Nr.1469. Ref: 20.06.1938 20th June 1938 Barlog 1469, 8710 & 8746 1/1 Barlog cartoon postcard depicting two soldiers wringing out a wet tunic (with caption overhead). Bestell-Nr.1469. Ref: 20.06.1938 The caption reads: Translation required FURTHER VARIATIONS Identical image to Bestell-Nr.1469 but with new Bestell-Nr.8710 (italic numerals). Ref: 16.10.1942 Bestell-Nr.8746 (italic numerals). Without overhead caption and new text to the signpost. Ref: 24.05.1942 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

31st May 1940 Jachmann Kaserne 1/0 See 31.05.1940 - 23/86 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

ABP Vienna - Misc. 1/0 Links to - Hand Stamps - Machine Stamps - Pass-Through Stamps - Closures - Misc. ABP Vienna Miscellaneous

Mi.65-72 (28.07.1941/1942) B&M Definitives Mi.65-72 (28.07.1941/1942) B&M Definitives 1/1 Parcel card for a package sent from a German soldier in Schlan/Slany in Bohemia and Moravia to Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz. Featuring two B&M definitives (Mi.71). Ref: 13.05.1942 - 7/77 Notes on the soldiers infantry battalion: The battalion was set up on 10th September 1939 in Nuremberg, in Military District XIII. The Infantry Replacement Battalion 480 was subordinate to Division 173 and provided a replacement for the 260th Infantry Division. On 20th July 1941, the battalion was relocated to Schlan in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. From that day on, the battalion was also subordinate to Division 193. On 1st October 1942, the battalion was divided into an Infantry Replacement Battalion 480 and an Infantry Training Battalion 480. Both battalions were renamed Grenadier Replacement Battalion 480 and Grenadier Training Battalion 480 on 7th November 1942. On 10th April 1943, both battalions were merged to form the Grenadier Replacement and Training Battalion 480. On 13th December 1943, the training battalion was transferred to the 271st Infantry Division and thus disbanded. As a result, the battalion was again called the Grenadier Replacement Battalion 480. On 26th March 1945, the battalion was mobilised with 6 companies, again as the Grenadier Replacement and Training Battalion 480. Mi.65 - 52 Bohemia and Moravia definitives Mi.65a (28th July) Ref: 02.09.1941 - 8/50 Mi.66b (early 1942) Ref: 20.04.1942 Mi.68a (28th July). Ref: 02.10.1941 - 2/120 Mi.69 (1941 or '42?). Ref: 20.04.1942 Mi.70 (1941 or '42?). Ref:17.01.1942 - 1/83 Mi.71 (1941 or '42?). Ref: 13.05.1942 - 7/77 Mi.72 (1941 or '42?). Ref: 17.01.1942 - 1/83 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

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Mi.75-78 (07.09.1941) B&M Prague Trade Fair Mi.75-78 (07.09.1941) B&M Prague Trade Fair 31.12.1941 Mi.75-78 reverse.jpeg 31.12.1941 Mi.75-78 reverse.jpeg 1/1 Cover (likely self-addressed) sent with Brünn (Brno) and featuring a complete set of postage stamps celebrating the Prague trade fair (Mi.75-78). Ref: 31.12.1941 ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us.

10th September 1945 10th September 1945 1/1 Postcard Mi.764 II. Ref: 10.09.1945

4th February 1940 JB: Garmisch-Partenkirchen 04.02.1940 Garmisch W74 reverse.jpeg 04.02.1940 Garmisch W74 reverse.jpeg 1/1 Cover sent from Garmisch-Partenkirchen featuring Hindenburg vending machine strip W74, and special cancellation JB:Garmisch-Partenkirchen22/306. Ref: 04.02.1940 GARMISCH-PARTENKIRCHEN cancellations as featured in the Bochmann catalogues (1952) JB:Garmisch-Partenkirchen1/305 - see 06.02.1936 - 22/75 JB:Garmisch-Partenkirchen2/305 - 'IV. Olympische Winterspiele/ 19. 36'. Ref: 16.02.1936 JB:Garmisch-Partenkirchen16/306 - 'Thüringer HJ/ im Alpen-/ Zeltlager/ b.Grainau'. Ref: 13.08.1938 JB:Garmisch-Partenkirchen22/306 - 'Internationale/ Wintersportwoche 1940'. Ref: 04.02.1940 JB:Garmisch-Partenkirchen27/306 - '6. Winterkampfespiele der HJ 23.2.-2.3.1941'. Ref: 24.02.1941 - 27/306 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

14th October 1937 Francisco Franco 14th October 1937 Francisco Franco 1/1 Postcard depicting Francisco Franco in a three-quarter length pose. The card was sent during the Spanish Civil War from Zaragoza to an address in Bologna, Italy. Ref: 14.10.1937 Francisco Franco (1892 - 1975) Francisco Franco Bahamonde was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo . This period in Spanish history, from the Nationalist victory to Franco's death, is commonly known as Francoist Spain or as the Francoist dictatorship. Born in Ferrol, Galicia, into an upper-class military family, Franco served in the Spanish Army as a cadet in the Toledo Infantry Academy from 1907 to 1910. While serving in Morocco, he rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in 1926 at age 33. Two years later, Franco became the director of the General Military Academy in Zaragoza. As a conservative and monarchist, Franco regretted the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the Second Republic in 1931, and was devastated by the closing of his academy; nevertheless, he continued his service in the Republican Army. His career was boosted after the right-wing CEDA and PRR won the 1933 election, empowering him to lead the suppression of the 1934 uprising in Asturias. Franco was briefly elevated to Chief of Army Staff before the 1936 election moved the leftist Popular Front into power, relegating him to the Canary Islands. Initially reluctant, he joined the July 1936 military coup, which, after failing to take Spain, sparked the Spanish Civil War. During the war, he commanded Spain's African colonial army and later, following the deaths of much of the rebel leadership, became his faction's only leader, being appointed generalissimo and head of state in 1936. He consolidated all nationalist parties into the FET y de las JONS (creating a one-party state) and developed a cult of personality around his rule by founding the Movimiento Nacional . Three years later the Nationalists declared victory, which extended Franco's dictatorship over Spain through a period of repression of political opponents. His dictatorship's use of forced labour, concentration camps and executions led to between 30,000 and 50,000 deaths. Combined with wartime killings, this brings the death toll of the White Terror to between 100,000 and 200,000. During World War II, he maintained Spanish neutrality, but supported the Axis—in recompense to Italy and Germany for their support during the Civil War—damaging the country's international reputation in various ways. During the start of the Cold War, Franco lifted Spain out of its mid-20th century economic depression through technocratic and economically liberal policies, presiding over a period of accelerated growth known as the 'Spanish miracle'. At the same time, his regime transitioned from a totalitarian state to an authoritarian one with limited pluralism. He became a leader in the anti-communist movement, garnering support from the West, particularly the United States. As the dictatorship relaxed its hard-line policies, Luis Carrero Blanco became Franco's éminence grise , whose role expanded after Franco began struggling with Parkinson's disease in the 1960s. In 1973, Franco resigned as prime minister—separated from the office of head of state since 1967—due to his advanced age and illness. Nevertheless, he remained in power as the head of state and as commander-in-chief. Franco died in 1975, aged 82, and was entombed in the Valle de los Caídos. He restored the monarchy in his final years, being succeeded by Juan Carlos, King of Spain, who led the Spanish transition to democracy. The legacy of Franco in Spanish history remains controversial, as the nature of his dictatorship changed over time. His reign was marked by both brutal repression, with tens of thousands killed, and economic prosperity, which greatly improved the quality of life in Spain. His dictatorial style proved adaptable enough to allow social and economic reform, but still centred on highly centralised government, authoritarianism, nationalism, national Catholicism, anti-freemasonry and anti-communism. Source: Wikipedia Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page