(Self addressed?) postal stationery (Mi.P225 I). 'Paquebot' mail most likely sent from 'Ussukuma', a ship from the Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie. Ref: 09.08.1935 9th August 1935 Ost-Afrika Linie 09.08.1935 Ost-Afika Linie reverse.jpeg 09.08.1935 Ost-Afika Linie reverse.jpeg 1/1 (Self addressed?) postal stationery (Mi.P225 I). 'Paquebot' mail most likely sent from 'Ussukuma', a ship from the Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie. Ref: 09.08.1935 Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie (inc. the Woermann-Linie ) Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie ( German East Africa Line , or DOAL) was a shipping line, established in 1890 as an alternative to the existing shipping services to East Africa, including German East Africa (1891–1919), then dominated by United Kingdom shipping lines. A year after the Nazi Party was elected, German shipping was reorganised in 1934, in which the large shipping groups were divided. HAPAG and NDL had to surrender their shares in Woermann Line and DOAL to the German Reich. Postcard depicting the DOAL passenger liner 'Ussukuma'. This ship sailed alongside to other ships from the Ost-Afrika line, the 'Pretoria' and 'Windhuk'. Ref: 12.06.1937 To the reverse of the postcard depicting the 'Ussukuma' , the caption states 'Woermann-Linie'. The Woermann-Linie was a German shipping company that operated from 1885 to 1942. The company was founded on 15th June 1885 by Adolph Woermann and developed as one of the leading shipping companies between Europe and Africa. From 1899 the company was headquartered in Afrikahaus, in Hamburg. For decades it transported contract laborers to various places on the African continent, for instance, workers from Liberia and Nigeria to Spanish Guinea. The Woermann family sold it to Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie in 1916. In 1942, during World War II, the Deutsche Ost-Afrika Linie line and the Woermann-Linie were taken over by John T. Essberger of Nazi Germany. Both fleets were lost in post-war reparations. Source: Wikipedia 'Paquebot' mail At the Vienna conference in 1891, the Universal Postal Union established special handling regulations for mail posted on the high seas aboard ocean-going vessels. The rules were further clarified a the Washington, D.C. conference of the UPU in 1896. Such mail might originate with passengers or crew, or it might be picked up at a port of call lacking postal facilities for onward transportation to the next port having postal facilities. Mail posted at sea is generally held by the ship's purser or postal officer, if it has one, until the next port with postal facilities is reached. When the ship reaches the next port, the purser or postal officer delivers all mail received during the voyage to the post office serving the port. The mail is then marked 'Paquebot' or the equivalent and is postmarked by the post office and entered into the mailstream for delivery. The cover could have received a handstamp aboard ship, but that handstamp is not a postal marking. Covers and cards mailed at sea are generally referred to as 'paquebot' covers. 'Paquebot' is French for 'packet boat', and postal administrations use paquebot hand-stamps to mark mail received from a seagoing vessel that has no on-board post office. Source: Linn's Stamp News Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Self-addressed cover sent from Berlin to Hannover. Featuring the lesser seen S40 combination of Mi.454 + X (Hindenburg medallion). Taken from sheet MHB15 (1932). Also featuring the commemorative cancellation for the 12th German Radio Exhibition. Ref: 22.08.1935 22nd August 1935 12th German Radio Exhibition 22.08.1935 S40 reverse.jpeg 22.08.1935 S40 reverse.jpeg 1/1 Self-addressed cover sent from Berlin to Hannover. Featuring the lesser seen S40 combination of Mi.454 + X (Hindenburg medallion). Taken from sheet MHB15 (1932). Also featuring the commemorative cancellation for the 12th German Radio Exhibition. Ref: 22.08.1935 British Pathé news reel about the radio exhibition and subsequent fire. Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

13th March 1939 MHB 63 13th March 1939 MHB 63 13.03.1939 K33 Reverse.jpeg 13.03.1939 K33 Reverse.jpeg 1/1 Official cover sent to an address in Berlin (featuring an official briefstempel to reverse which requires more research). With stamp sequence K33 (Tête-bêche Mi.677+Mi.678) from MHB 63. Ref: 13.03.1939 Stamp sequences from booklet sheet MHB 63 K33 (Mi.677+Mi.678) from MHB 63. Ref: 13.03.1939 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

25th March 1944 Collector's Card 1943 25th March 1944 Collector's Card 1943 1/1 Collector's card (Sammlerausweis) issued in Marburg 25th March 1943. Featuring five receipt cancellations for issues collected from the post office. Ref: 25.03.1943 The cards were probably introduced in early 1943 (it is to be noted that 'The Special Cancellations Stamp', specifically for stamp collectors, was issued 19th January 1943. At first, due to a lack of centrally supplied forms, local makeshift editions were used. These were beige postal forms, some of which were produced regionally and mostly had imprint marks from 1943. The cards had an address field for the recipient of the postage stamps and generally cancellation fields on the back, on which the purchase was noted by affixing a date stamp . However, there are also larger format cards with only one-sided printing. With the fee-based ID card (1 RM ), 20 issues of special stamps, postcards and official stamps could be obtained; in some cases official stamps were not listed on the forms. The ID card was renewed when all 20 fields had been stamped. Postal customers had to collect the issues within 7 days of the first day of issue. Due to a shortage of materials due to the war, it was not uncommon for makeshift forms for collectors' ID cards to be used. So far, based on the stamp date, the Volkssturm stamp from February 1945 is known to be the last issue collected. Collector's Card (Sammlerausweis) 1943 A postal document (ID for the purchase of postage stamps), usually subject to a fee, which entitles stamp collectors and other postal customers to continuously obtain a certain number of special postage stamps (special stamps , blocks and miniature sheets), but also official stamps, postal stationery and first day covers from a post office within a specified collection period. The cards instruction reads as follows: Conditions Special requests cannot be considered. New issues will only be issued on presentation of this card. They must be issued within one week of the 1st day of issue. Otherwise the date stamp (reverse) will be omitted. Allocation may be limited for smaller quantities of special stamps. After the 20th issue of special stamps, the application can be renewed against payment of a fee of RM 1. No compensation will be paid in the event of loss or misuse. Sammlerausweis with 1 Rm postage stamp cancelled Marburg 25th March 1943. Ref: 25.03.1943 Receipt dates in relation to issues being collected within 7 days (as per instruction): 26th March 1943, 16th March 1944, 27th March 1944, 22nd April 1943, 19th July 1944 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

1st November 1943 Theresienstadt 1st November 1943 Theresienstadt 01.11.1943 reverse.jpeg 01.11.1943 reverse.jpeg 1/1 Postcard (CTO?) with 'Theresienstadt Deutsche Dienspost Böhmen Mähren/ Brief Stempel' (further research required). Ref: 01.11.1943 (date on postcard imprint). Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

6th May 1943 6th May 1943 1/1 Cover sent from Polva (the Consulate?), Estonia, to an unknown address. Featuring a 12pf German definitive without the 'OSTLAND' overprint. Unusual? Ref: 06.05.1943 - 9/1

2nd May 1933 1/2 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Mi.818 (08.08.1942) 1/1 Mi.818 (Ref: 30.08.1942) next stamp issue

Stamps of Romania 1/1 Romania - stamps within the Brief History collection

28th June 1935 1/1 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Booklet Sheets (MHB) Booklet Sheets (MHB) 01.11.1933 W45 reverse.jpeg 01.11.1933 W45 reverse.jpeg 1/1 Cover featuring stamps from booklet sheet MHB 28 (Friedrich the Great, 1933). Ref: 01.11.1933 Booklet Sheets German stamp sequences taken from booklet sheets 1933 MHB 27 - Friedrich the Great (6 Pf) MHB 28 - Friedrich the Great (12 Pf) MHB 29 - Hindenburg (6 Pf) MHB 30 - Hindenburg (5 Pf +12 Pf) MHB 31 - Hindenburg (8 Pf +12 Pf) MHB 32 - Wagner (6 Pf + 4 Pf) MHB 33 - Wagner (8 Pf + 12 pf) 1934 MHB 34 - Hindenburg (1 Pf + 3 Pf + 5 Pf) MHB 35 - Hindenburg (5 Pf + 8 Pf) MHB 36 - Hindenburg (6 Pf) MHB 37 - Hindenburg (6 Pf + 12 Pf) MHB 53 - Professions (4 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 54 - Professions (8 Pf + 12 Pf) 1935 MHB 55 - Folk Costumes (5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 56 - Folk Costumes (3 Pf + 12 Pf) 1936 MHB 38 - Hindenburg (6 Pf) MHB 39 - Hindenburg (12 Pf) MHB 40 - Hindenburg (3 Pf + 5 Pf) MHB 41 - Hindenburg (1 Pf + 8 Pf) MHB 57 - Olympic Games (3 Pf + 12 Pf) MHB 58 - Olympic Games (4 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 59 - Modern Buildings (5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 60 - Modern Buildings (3 Pf + 12 Pf) 1937 MHB 42 - Hindenburg (4 Pf + 12 Pf) MHB 43 - Hindenburg (1 Pf + 12 Pf) MHB 44 - Hindenburg (3 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 45 - Hindenburg (5 Pf + 6 Pf + 8 Pf) MHB 61 - Ships (5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 62 - Ships (3 Pf + 12 Pf) 1938 MHB 63 - Ostmark scenery and flowers (5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 64 - Ostmark scenery and flowers (3 Pf + 12 Pf) 1939 MHB 46 - Hindenburg (1 Pf + 4 Pf) MHB 47 - Hindenburg (3 Pf + 12 Pf) MHB 48 - Hindenburg (5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 49 - Hindenburg (6 Pf) MHB 50 - Hindenburg (8 Pf + 12 Pf) MHB 65 - Buildings (5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 66 - Buildings (3 Pf + 12 Pf) EGB 1 (1.1 & 1.2) - Hindenburg (Vending Machine, 1 Pf + 5 Pf + 3 Pf + 1 Pf sequence) 1940 MHB 49.3 - Hindenburg (6 Pf) MHB 51 - Hindenburg (1 Pf + 4 Pf + 5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 52 - Hindenburg (3 Pf + 8 Pf + 12 Pf) MHB 67 - Buildings (5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 68 - Buildings (3 Pf + 12 Pf) EGB 2 - Hindenburg (Vending Machine, 5 Pf + 1 Pf + 1 Pf + 3 Pf sequence - Slogan 'Unterstützt/ bei/ NS.-Volks-/ Wohlfahrt!' ) 1941 MHB 69 - Adolf Hitler (1 Pf + 3 Pf + 5 Pf + 6 Pf) MHB 70 - Adolf Hitler (4 Pf + 6 Pf + 8 Pf) MHB 71 - Adolf Hitler (4 Pf + 6 Pf + 8 Pf + Slogan variation to MHB 70) MHB 72 - Adolf Hitler (12 Pf) EGB 3 - Hindenburg (Vending Machine, 5 Pf + 1 Pf + 1 Pf + 3 Pf sequence - Slogan 'Spare/ bei der/ Post-/sparkasse!' ) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

'Ross' Verlag postcard depicting film actor Willy Fritsch. Ref: 10.03.1933 10th March 1933 Willy Fritsch 1/1 'Ross' Verlag postcard depicting film actor Willy Fritsch. Ref: 10.03.1933 Willy Fritsch Willy Fritsch (1901 - 1973) was a German theatre and film actor, a popular leading man and character actor from the silent-film era to the early 1960s. He was born Wilhelm Egon Fritz Fritsch, the only son of a factory owner in Kattowitz (present-day Katowice) in the Prussian province of Silesia. After the bankruptcy of his father in 1912, the family moved to Berlin, where Fritsch Sr. worked as an employee of the Siemens-Schuckert company. Young Willy originally planned an apprenticeship as a mechanic, but soon began working as an extra at the Großes Schauspielhaus theatre. From 1919 he attended Max Reinhardt's drama school at the Deutsches Theater, where he debuted with small roles and played as understudy at times side by side with Marlene Dietrich (i.e. Spring Awakening ). He made his feature debut in films as a supporting player in 1920's Miss Venus and got his first important engagement in His Mysterious Adventure three years later. In 1925, Fritsch gained international attention by playing the leading role in the silent film A Waltz Dream directed by Ludwig Berger. Afterwards he was offered a United Artists contract, but refused to move to the United States, being concerned about his limited English. His career was pushed now through the UFA film company by being cast as a juvenile lover in silent comedies such as Chaste Susanne (1926), The Last Waltz (1927), Hungarian Rhapsody (1928), and Her Dark Secret (1929). Fritsch also starred in two silent films directed by Fritz Lang: the thriller Spies (1928) and the sci-fi film Woman in the Moon (1929), where he played serious characters. Again, these films gained him international success. In 1929, he spoke the first sentence in a German talkie: 'I'm saving money to buy a horse!' ( Melodie des Herzens / Melody of the Heart , 1929)). Shortly after that, he was paired again with Lilian Harvey, whom he had already played together with twice during the mid-1920s. Their joint musical love comedy Waltz of Love (1930) was such a huge success that its producer Erich Pommer decided to continue making films with the 'perfect couple' Harvey/Fritsch. Thereupon, they appeared regularly together in UFA movies such as The Three from the Filling Station (1930), Congress Dances by Erik Charell (1931) and A Blonde Dream (1932), but Fritsch was also playing in several movies at the side of Käthe von Nagy (i.e. in Billy Wilder's screenwriting debut Her Grace Commands , 1931 or I by Day, You by Night , 1932). He mainly starred in the German versions and was sometimes replaced by Henri Garat unless his movies were dubbed. In his musical comedies, Fritsch also turned out to be a good singer performing popular German film songs written by Werner Richard Heymann or Friedrich Holländer. At the end of the Weimar era, he was one of the best paid actors in Germany, drawing large crowds of fans wherever he appeared. Even palm court music was composed for him: Ich bin in Willy Fritsch verliebt (I'm In Love With Willy Fritsch) , 1931. Besides, Friedrich Holländer dedicated a Couplet to him the same year: Gebet einer 15 3/4-Jährigen - Warum ist der Willy Fritsch so schön? ( Prayer Of A 15 3/4 Year Old: Why Willy Fritsch Is Such A Cutie ) was written for the opening of the famous Tingel Tangel Theater in Berlin. When Hitler came to power in 1933, Fritsch was able to continue his career in Germany. In the mid-1930s, he was the leading actor in highly successful comedies such as Amphitryon (1935) directed by Reinhold Schünzel or Lucky Kids (1936, director Paul Martin), the latter a German adaption of Frank Capra's film It Happened One Night . By the end of the decade, he starred in two more comedies together with Lilian Harvey ( Seven Slaps , 1937 and Woman At The Wheel , 1939) before Harvey emigrated to France. In 1940, Fritsch also played the leading role in the first German coloured motion picture Women Are Better Diplomats . Though he had joined the NSDAP in response to the pressure put on him to do so, Fritsch avoided getting involved in Nazi propaganda, other than his appearance in the 1944 aviator movie Junge Adler [de] which earned him an entry on Goebbels' Gottbegnadeten list. Starring in Austrian originated comedies such as Vienna Blood (1942) directed by Willi Forst or A Salzburg Comedy (1943) written by Erich Kästner, he managed to survive the Hitler era without any loss of prestige, even while being watched by the secret police (Gestapo) for his 'lack of political reliability' despite his party membership. After the war, he moved to Hamburg and continued to appear in movies such as Film Without A Title (1948) together with Hildegard Knef, as well as in several German blockbusters such as The Heath Is Green (1951) and When the White Lilacs Bloom Again (1953) side by side with young Romy Schneider. In 1958, Fritsch starred in the German version of Mit Eva fing die Sünde an [de] , which was later adapted and filled with additional scenes by Francis Ford Coppola for his debut release of The Bellboy And The Playgirls (1962). Fritsch's final film was 1964's I Learned It from Father (Das hab' ich von Papa gelernt) directed by Axel von Ambesser, in which he performed together with his son Thomas. Fritsch was married to artistic dancer Dinah Grace in 1937 and became a father of two sons. The younger one, Thomas Fritsch, was a successful actor as well. Fritsch died of a heart attack aged 72 and was buried at Ohlsdorf Cemetery in Hamburg. Source: Wikipedia (2024) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page