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20th March 1947 Arthur Sauer 20th March 1947 Arthur Sauer 1/1 Commercial correspondence between Willi Knippert jun. Arzneimittelgrosshandlung (Pharmaceutical wholesaler) to Deutsche Milchwerke Dr. A. Sauer (the name of the company included the owners name. Sauer had passed away in his early 70's only four months previous to this correspondence). Ref: 20.03.1947 - 17/33 Commercial correspondence concerning the supply of raw materials. Arthur Sauer Arthur Sauer (1874 - 1946) was a German chemist, entrepreneur and patron of the arts. Arthur Sauer was born in April 1874 as the son of Kaspar Sauer, a member of the Schönborn chancellery and domain council, in Wiesentheid in Lower Franconia. He studied chemistry in nearby Würzburg from the winter semester of 1893/94 and received his doctorate in 1897 from the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Würzburg. Before that, he was an assistant to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen for some time. The title of his dissertation was 'On isonitramines and their splitting into hyponitrous acid'. Sauer, however, was drawn to chemical practice, so that in 1897 he moved to relatives in Bensheim on the Bergstrasse. In that year he also joined the company of the Worms pharmacist Rudolf Pizzala, which he took over just one year later. The money for this was provided to him by Wilhelm Euler, a paper manufacturer and politician from Bensheim. In the same year he married Anna Maria Feigel (d. 1945), a daughter of a wine merchant family from Bensheim. Before the First World War, Sauer ran for Friedrich Naumann's party in Bensheim and hoped to win a seat in the Reichstag. In the 1912 elections, however, he lost to the SPD candidate. Due to his age, he was spared from being called up for World War I. A further attempt to get into the Reichstag in 1920 failed, after which he scaled back his political involvement and concentrated on his travels, his literary work and his company. In his literary and philosophical publications during the First World War, various echoes of Rudolf Steiner's anthroposophy can be recognised. After the First World War, the economic development of his company was not initially favourable. For a short time, he even considered separating from it completely. However, the mid-1920s saw an upturn when production was switched to medicines and cosmetics under the brand name Fissan. Arthur Sauer initially changed the name of the company to Deutsche Milchwerke Dr. A. Sauer and became successful with the products of the Fissan brand. From 1924 onwards, the company therefore took the name Fissan-Werke . In 1882, the Worms pharmacist Rudolf Pizzala began producing organic tonics, initially on a small scale with around six employees. In 1897, the chemist Arthur Sauer joined the company and took over the business in 1898. He specialised in milk preparations based on the chemical substance casein and named his company Deutsche Milchwerke Dr. A. Sauer . Expansion was achieved, among other things, by setting up branch plants - for example in Stockheim (Upper Hesse). In the 1920s and early 1930s, Sauer made numerous trips to Egypt, North Africa, Italy, Spain, Portugal and South America. There he collected lasting artistic impressions that would influence his further structural and artistic developments in his company in Zwingenberg. In 1927 he met Georg Fehleisen, a young architect who shared his love for modern architecture in the Bauhaus style as well as anthroposophical attitudes. From 1928 onwards, Fehleisen became the in-house architect for Arthur Sauer and his Fissan works. In 1933/1934, Georg Fehleisen (1893–1936) built a small factory housing estate for workers and employees of Deutsche Milchwerke AG . The estate consists of seven individual houses. Four houses with a square floor plan are arranged symmetrically. Above is the villa of the works manager and at the same height, a little further north, is the smaller villa of the deputy works manager. The seventh building, a workers' house with a steep gable roof, is located to the northwest. During the Nazi era, the complex was named 'Adolf Hitler Settlement' with the highest approval from Christmas 1933. Today, the houses are located on the Arthur Sauer site, named after the entrepreneur. The settlement is also a listed building. Georg Fehleisen officially died on 30th November 1936 as a result of a car accident. Suspicions that this was a suicide could never be completely dispelled. On 1st May 1937, the factory was named a National Socialist model company - and this continued until 1939, with the participating companies having to face the competition again and again. The 'golden flag' of the German Labor Front flew on the Fissan buildings. After the occupation of Zwingenberg by American troops on 27th March 1945, the Fissan factory facilities and parts of the factory settlement as well as the Sauer villa were confiscated. The outsourced production was able to resume on 30th April 1945. After expropriation and denunciation proceedings, Arthur Sauer died on 29th November 1946 under unclear circumstances. Source: Wikipedia Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Cover sent from Königsberg (Pr) to an address in Coburg. Featuring JB:Königsberg (Preußen)18/440. Ref: 30.04.1936 - 15/87 30th April 1936 JB: Königsberg (Preußen) 30.04.1936 JB_Konigsberg 18_440 reverse.jpeg 30.04.1936 JB_Konigsberg 18_440 reverse.jpeg 1/1 Cover sent from Königsberg (Pr) to an address in Coburg. Featuring JB:Königsberg (Preußen)18/440. Ref: 30.04.1936 - 15/87 KÖNIGSBERG (PR) cancellations as featured in the Bochmann catalogues (1952) JB:Königsberg (Preußen)18/440 - ' "Leistung adelt!/ Reichskampf/ im Reichsberufswettkampf/ Königsberg (Pr) 23.-30.4.36" '. Ref: 30.04.1936 - 15/87 JB:Königsberg (Preußen)24/441 - '10 Jahre Gau Ostprueßen/ 6.36'. Ref: 19.06.1938 - 17/4 See 17.06.1938 - 24/47 for eagles head variation of 24/441 Generic JB:334/835 - see 29/73 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

5th October 1939 5th October 1939 05.10.1939 Bocholt Stadtwald reverse.jpeg 05.10.1939 Bocholt Stadtwald reverse.jpeg 1/1 Postcard sent via the feldpost (no FPN number) with the photograph of the Bocholt Stadtwald. Featuring a hand-stamp to the address panel stating 'Frei Durch Ablösung Reich!'. Ref: 05.10.1939 Detail of the propaganda slogan above the entrance which states, 'Man Bettelt nicht fur ein recht fur ein recht kampft man', a quote by Adolf Hitler that translates to, 'You don't beg for a right, you fight for a right'. Contact Brief History to inform us of additonal information regrding this page

6th June 1936 1/2 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard sent from Luckenwalde to an address in Hamburg, depicting a Heinkel He111 V4 (4th prototype). Fuselage identification code D-AHAO, 'Dresden'. Postcard 13488 produced by Klinke & Co., Berlin W8. Ref: 01.12.1936 1st December 1936 Heinkel He 111 01_12_1936-verso.webp 01_12_1936-verso.webp 1/1 Postcard sent from Luckenwalde to an address in Hamburg, depicting a Heinkel He111 V4 (4th prototype). Fuselage identification code D-AHAO, 'Dresden'. Postcard 13488 produced by Klinke & Co., Berlin W8. Ref: 01.12.1936 Further information and variations Page from 'Spot them in the Air', c.1940 Page from 'Aircraft Identification', June 1940 Page from 'Aircraft Identification', June 1940 Postcard sent via feldpost depicting the Heinkel He 111 E Ref: 10.02.1940 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regrding this page

Postcard Mi.P263 (Winter Relief Fund and Commemorating the Completion of 1,000 kilometres of Autobahn) sent from Berlin to an address un the United Kingdom (with uprated postage). Uprated postage for overseas (actual charge for foreign postage being 15 Pf). Featuring commemorative cancellation JB:Berlin210/107. Ref: 10.10.1936 - 26/8 The card was written by a correspondent whist in 'Kemplinski Haus Vaterland'. The message reads, in part, 'We are sitting here on the Wine Terrace in the Restaurant Vaterland and send kind regards...' The 'Wine Terrace' referred to is most likely the 'Grinzinger Heuriger', located at the front of the building above the cinema. 10th October 1936 Haus Vaterland/Mi.P263 1/1 Postcard Mi.P263 (Winter Relief Fund and Commemorating the Completion of 1,000 kilometres of Autobahn) sent from Berlin to an address un the United Kingdom (with uprated postage). Uprated postage for overseas (actual charge for foreign postage being 15 Pf). Featuring commemorative cancellation JB:Berlin210/107. Ref: 10.10.1936 - 26/8 The card was written by a correspondent whist in 'Kemplinski Haus Vaterland'. The message reads, in part, 'We are sitting here on the Wine Terrace in the Restaurant Vaterland and send kind regards...' The 'Wine Terrace' referred to is most likely the 'Grinzinger Heuriger', located at the front of the building above the cinema. HAUS VATERLAND 'I can think of no better way to top off a Berlin night . . . than an hour or two or three in Haus Vaterland. The place is certainly not 'high hat', nor is it low hat, but it is of the very essence of Berlin.' Sydney Clark, Germany on £10 , London: Nicholson and Watson, 1934 Postcard depicting 'Haus Vaterland'. Note that the photograpgh was most like taken in 1930/31 as the movie poster to the lower left edge depicts Käthe Dorsch in her title roll in 'Die Lindenwirtin' (aka 'The Inn at the Rhine'), released in August 1930. Ref: 19.04.1935 Haus Vaterland (Fatherland House) was a pleasure palace on the south-east side of Potsdamer Platz in central Berlin. Preceded by Haus Potsdam, a multi-use building including a large cinema and a huge café, from 1928 to 1943 it was a large, famous establishment including the largest cafe in the world, a major cinema, a large ballroom and numerous theme restaurants, promoted as a showcase of all nations. It was partially destroyed by fire in World War II, reopened in a limited form until 1953, and was finally demolished in 1976. In the Nazi years, the mix of restaurants was modified and the Jewish Kempinskis had to sell the building for a pittance to 'Aryans' and leave the country. A 1936 French film, Les Loups entre eux (English title: The Sequel to Second Bureau ), features scenes in Haus Vaterland, including 'the Horst Wessel song booming from the loud-speaker'. The business continued to host throngs of customers even after Berlin began to suffer heavy bombing by the Allies. In 1943 the building was damaged, particularly in the central section, in the British night Air-raid on the nights of 22nd and 23rd November that destroyed much of the centre of the city including the department store KaDeWe. On 3rd February 1945 it was bombed out by the U.S.A.A.F. during a daylight raid, only the walls left standing. 'Grinzinger Heuriger' Official posrcard from 'haus Vaterland' depicting the Heuriger in Grinzing. Ref: 17/42 A re-creation of a Viennese Heuriger (a tavern where local winemakers serve their new wine under a special licence in alternating months during the growing season) in Grinzing, on the third floor. The menu included Sachertorte prepared from the authentic recipe; the Kempinskis had an exclusive licence to offer it in Berlin. Guests sampled the new wine looking out at the steeple of St. Stephen's cathedral against a starry sky, and a tram with interior lights lit crossed the bridge over the Danube. In the Berliner Tageblatt , the Austrian writer Arnold Höllriegel declared the place to be far more genuine than the real thing. After the war, Potsdamer Platz was the point where three of the four Allied occupation zones met. The ruined Haus Vaterland was in the Russian sector, but had doors to both the British and the American. In 1947, Café Vaterland was reopened in an acclaimed gesture of will to rebuild the city, and in 1948 the Communist cabaret Frischer Wind was playing there, while because of its position on the sector lines, it was a hotbed of spying, flight from the East, and black marketing in currency and goods. Source: Wikipedia Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Mi.695-697 (18.05.1939) Nürburgring races Mi.695-697 (18.05.1939) Nürburgring races 23.07.1939 Nurnbergring front.jpeg 23.07.1939 Nurnbergring front.jpeg 1/1 Official postcard depicting a map of the Rhineland-Palatinate with the Nürburgring at it's centre. Featuring a full set of 'Nürburgring-Rennen' (Nürburgring races) overprint issue (using Mi.686-688). Ref: 23.07.1939 Aslo see 21.05.1939 - 29/36 (JB:Nürburgring1/589) Mi.695 - 697 Nürburgring races - 'Nürburgring-Rennen' overprint Mi.695 - 'Nürburgring-Rennen' overprinted (on Mi.686). Ref: 21.05.1939 Mi.696 - 'Nürburgring-Rennen' overprinted (on Mi.687). Ref: 21.05.1939 Mi.697 - 'Nürburgring-Rennen' overprinted (on Mi.688). Ref: 21.05.1939 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

30th July 1939 LZ 130 'Graf Zeppelin II' 30th July 1939 LZ 130 'Graf Zeppelin II' 30.07.1939 Graf Zeppelin Kassel reverse.jpeg 30.07.1939 Graf Zeppelin Kassel detail.jpeg 30.07.1939 Graf Zeppelin Kassel reverse.jpeg 1/2 Cover (with surcharge) commemorating Graf Zeppelin II (LZ130) flights 22 & 23 (of 30), to airshows at Frankfurt and Kassel (where it made a short stop) on 30th July 1939. Ref: 30.07.1939 Further items relating to LZ 130 Graf Zeppelin II Cancel JB:Friedrichshafen3/300. Ref: 09.10.1937 - 14/19 Contact Brief History to inform us of additonal information regarding this page

Brief History is a resource for German Philatelic & Postal History from the Third Reich period to the Allied Occupation (1933-1947) with emphasis on German stamps, postcards, official & commercial covers, feldpost, occupation overprints, censored mail, propaganda and items of contemporary social interest. German History 1933-1947 A Philatelic Notebook index A resource for German Philatelic, Postal and Social History during the Third Reich period, intended for collectors, researchers and historians. Disclaimer: This website does not support the politics, motives, or actions of World War II Nazi Germany, the government of the Third Reich or its leaders and political supporters. The information provided on the website is intended for collectors, researchers and historians who seek to learn more about German Philatelic, Postal and Social History between 1933 -1945.

10th March 1939 JB: Hahnenklee 10th March 1939 JB: Hahnenklee 1/0 See 10.03.1939 - 22/92 - JB:Hahnenklee3/340 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

21st April 1936 GTKG 36-69-1- 1/1 See 21.04.1936 - 24/79 (B6) See 04.04.1937 - 27/33 (B9) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

9th December 1943 Stalag II-A 9th December 1943 Stalag II-A 09.12.1943 Stalag IIA Neubrandenburg reverse.jpeg 09.12.1943 Stalag IIA Neubrandenburg reverse.jpeg 1/1 Italian POW letter-sheet from Stalag II-A at Neubrandenburg to an address in Italy. At this time the camp housed nearly 5,000 Italian POW's. Ref: 09.12.1943 Stalag II-A Stalag II-A operated in Neubrandenburg (WK II) starting in September 1939. In February 1945 the camp was still operating. Contact Brief History to inform us of additonal information regarding this page