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Cover sent from Hamburg to Exter, featuring Mi.499 (3 Pf - Tannhäuser) and Mi.507 (40 Pf - Parsifal). Ref: 17.11.1933 - 14/47 Stamps first issued on 1st November 1933. The first charity stamps of the 3rd Reich period (German aid for the needy), the images depict various scenes from Richard Wagner’s Operas. Mi.499-507 (01.11.1933) W.H.W. - Wagner's operas 17.11.1933 Mi.507 Wagner reverse.jpeg 17.11.1933 Mi.507 Wagner reverse.jpeg 1/1 Cover sent from Hamburg to Exter, featuring Mi.499 (3 Pf - Tannhäuser) and Mi.507 (40 Pf - Parsifal). Ref: 17.11.1933 - 14/47 Stamps first issued on 1st November 1933. The first charity stamps of the 3rd Reich period (German aid for the needy), the images depict various scenes from Richard Wagner’s Operas. Mi.499 - 507 Winter Relief Fund: Wagner's operas In the past, charity stamps were only available at the P.O.'s but htis issue could also be obtained at the offices of 'Deutsche Nothilfe', both inside and outside Germany. The G.P.O. recieved 5% of the surtax of these stamps, the remainder going to the W.H.W. funds. This issue was originally declared invalid after February 1934, but this date was extended to March so that the could be used in conjunction with the laying of the Richard Wagner memorial stone in Leipzig. Again this date was extended to the final date of 30th September 1934 so that the stamps could be used at the Wagner Festival at Bayreuth in June/August. A slogan postmark was used from 10.07.1934 to 23.08.1934. By this time however these stamps were only available at the G.P.O. and Nothilfe Offices at Beyreuth and Munich. (Harper & Scheck) Notes: Design: Professor Alois Kolb. Recess printing . Sheets 5 x 10. Watermark: Swastikas (the first stamp issue to have this watermark) . Perf. All values perf.14 x 13 (13¾ x 13 - Harper & Scheck), with values 4+2, 6+4, 8+4, 12+3 and 20+10 Pf also being perf.14 (13¾ x 14 - Harper & Scheck). Valid until 30.09.1934 Quantity issued: Mi.499 = 1,818,070; Mi.500 = 2,516,880; Mi.501 = 1,618,361; Mi.502 = 4,328,111; Mi.503 = 2,643,286; Mi.504 = 5,220,555; Mi.505 = 373,121; Mi.506 = 467,795; Mi.507 = 264,238 Mi.499 - Tannhäuser. Ref: 17.11.1933 - 14/47 Mi.500 - Scene depicting the Flying Dutchman. Ref: 06.03.1934 Mi.501 - From 'Rheingold' a scene depicting the three sisters of the Rhine, Woglinde, Wellgunde and Flosshilde. After loosing the Rhinegold to the dwarf Alberich, so commences the sequence of events which form the subject of the 'Ring' series of operas. Alberich is seen in the background with the stolen Rheingold from which he fashions the magic ring. Ref: 20.08.1934 - 2/35 Mi.502A (early use) - In a scene from Act II of 'The Mastersinger', Hans Sachs, the cobbler, sits in front of his dwelling making shoes for Beckmesser, one of the rivals for the hand of the lovely Eva. Ref: 04.11.1933 Mi.503 - From 'Die Walküre', a scene depicting Woton, the God of Gods, bending over Brünnhilde, his daughter, and one of the shield maidens (Valkyries), and taking her helmet from her. This is a scene from Act III where Brünnhilde, having displeased her father, is put by him into the magic trance from which she is awakened by Siegfried. Ref: 20.08.1934 - 2/35 Mi.504 - The scene depicts Siegfried slaying Fafner, guardian of Wotan's treasure and the magic ring. Ref: 20.08.1934 - 2/35 Mi.505 (20+10 Pf) Mi.507 - Parsifal. Ref: 17.11.1933 - 14/47 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Stamps first issued on 25th September 1933 to commemorate the 50th ocean crossing of the airship ‘Graf Zeppelin’ (LZ127) - The trip to the World’s Fair in Chicago. Note: These stamps are the same as Mi.423, Mi.424 and Mi.455, with the added inscription ‘ ‘ (printed in black on Mi.496 & Mi.497, and in brown on Mi.498). Mi.496-498 (25.09.1933) 'Graf Zeppelin LZ 127' 1/0 Stamps first issued on 25th September 1933 to commemorate the 50th ocean crossing of the airship ‘Graf Zeppelin’ (LZ127) - The trip to the World’s Fair in Chicago. Note: These stamps are the same as Mi.423, Mi.424 and Mi.455, with the added inscription ‘ ‘ (printed in black on Mi.496 & Mi.497, and in brown on Mi.498). Mi.496 - 498 Commemoration of the 50th ocean crossing of the airship 'Graf Zeppelin' , L.Z. 127, and it's flight to the Chicago World Trade Fair As Mi.423 - 424 (20th Sept. 1928) but with additional overprint 'Chicagofahrt/ Weltsausstellung/ 1933' Notes: Design: ?. Photogravure printing . Sheets 5 x 10. Watermark: Vertical waffle/mesh. Perf. 14. Quantity issued: unknown. Valid until 31.12.1937 Mi.496 (1M) Mi.497 (2M) Mi.498 (Ref: 14.10.1933 - 10/8) Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard depicting a vista of Nuremberg as seen from Nuremberg Castle. Ref: 07.09.1933 7th September 1933 Nuremberg 1/1 Postcard depicting a vista of Nuremberg as seen from Nuremberg Castle. Ref: 07.09.1933 Nürnberg (Nuremberg) (Überroller-post - Allied occupation 20.04.1945) Nuremberg is the largest city in Franconia, the second-largest city in the German state of Bavaria, and its 545,000 inhabitants make it the 14th-largest city in Germany. Postcard depicting the central station in Nuremberg. It is the largest station in north Bavaria. As a result of allied bombing at the end of the Second World War the station building, with the exception of the Jugendstil lounge suffered heavily and on 16th March 1945 had to be closed for nine years. Its reconstruction took place between 1945 and 1956 and had to be simplified due to a lack of money. Ref:24.07.1937 Nuremberg held great significance during the Nazi Germany era. Because of the city's relevance to the Holy Roman Empire and its position in the centre of Germany, the Nazi Party chose the city to be the site of huge Nazi Party conventions: the Nuremberg rallies. The rallies were held in 1927, 1929 and annually from 1933 through 1938. After Adolf Hitler's rise to power in 1933 the Nuremberg rallies became huge Nazi propaganda events, a centre of Nazi ideals. The 1934 rally was filmed by Leni Riefenstahl, and made into a propaganda film called Triumph des Willens ( Triumph of the Will ). Postcard depicting the Nürnburger Berg and surrounding buildings. The reverse has a privately printed 'Reichsparteitag' imprint (see 01.09.1933 Nuremberg Rally 1933). Ref: 01.09.1933 At the 1935 rally, Hitler specifically ordered the Reichstag to convene at Nuremberg to pass the Nuremberg Laws which revoked German citizenship for all Jews and other non-Aryans. A number of premises were constructed solely for these assemblies, some of which were not finished. Many examples of Nazi architecture can still be seen in the city. The city was also the home of the Nazi propagandist Julius Streicher, the publisher of Der Stürmer . During the Second World War, Nuremberg was the headquarters of Wehrkreis (military district) XIII, and an important site for military production, including aircraft, submarines, and tank engines. A subcamp of Flossenbürg concentration camp was located here, and extensively used slave labour. Many Nuremberg Jews either fled from Germany during the Nazi era, or stayed and were then rounded-up and transported to various concentration camps where they were killed. At the end of the War in 1945, there were no Jews left in Nuremberg. There are many Stolpersteine installed in the streets of the city; these commemorate Jews who were persecuted by the Nazi regime. On 2nd January 1945, the medieval city centre was systematically bombed by the Royal Air Force and the U.S. Army Air Forces and about ninety percent of it was destroyed in only one hour, with 1,800 residents killed and roughly 100,000 displaced. In February 1945, additional attacks followed. In total, about 6,000 Nuremberg residents are estimated to have been killed in air raids. Nuremberg was a heavily fortified city that was captured in a fierce battle lasting from 17th to 20th April 1945 by the U.S. 3rd Infantry Division, 42nd Infantry Division and 45th Infantry Division, which fought house-to-house and street-by-street against determined German resistance, causing further urban devastation to the already bombed and shelled buildings. Despite this intense degree of destruction, the city was rebuilt after the war and was to some extent restored to its pre-war appearance, including the reconstruction of many of its medieval buildings. Much of this reconstructive work and conservation was done by the organisation 'Old Town Friends Nuremberg'. Today 25 % of Nürnbergs buildings date to before World War II and the old town is a declared protected area, so the northeastern half of the old Imperial Free City had to be largely reconstructed. Between 1945 and 1946, German officials involved in war crimes and crimes against humanity were brought before an international tribunal in the Nuremberg trials. The Soviet Union had wanted these trials to take place in Berlin. However, Nuremberg was chosen as the site for the trials for specific reasons: The city had been the location of the Nazi Party's Nuremberg rallies and the laws stripping Jews of their citizenship were passed there. There was symbolic value in making it the place of Nazi demise. The Palace of Justice was spacious and largely undamaged (one of the few that had remained largely intact despite extensive Allied bombing of Germany). The already large courtroom was reasonably easily expanded by the removal of the wall at the end opposite the bench, thereby incorporating the adjoining room. A large prison was also part of the complex. As a compromise, it was agreed that Berlin would become the permanent seat of the International Military Tribunal and that the first trial (several were planned) would take place in Nuremberg. Due to the Cold War, subsequent trials never took place. Following the trials, in October 1946, many prominent German Nazi politicians and military leaders were executed in Nuremberg. The same courtroom in Nuremberg was the venue of the Nuremberg Military Tribunals, organised by the United States as occupying power in the area. In order to come to terms with the role Nuremberg played during the Third Reich, the city established the Nuremberg International Human Rights Award in 1995, awarded every two years to individuals or groups defending human rights worldwide. 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1st August 1942 1/2 Postcard depicting an image of 'Zeithain-Hauptlager'. Ref: 09.08.1943 only shown here Research: https://en.stsg.de/cms/node/930

Ross-Verlag postcard depicting actor Johannes Riemann (signed). With a hand-stamped declaration to the message panel stating, 'Autograph requests can only be considered if a self-addressed, stamped envelope and a film postcard are enclosed.' Ref: 15.05.1942 German Actors (during the 3rd Reich period) 15.05.1942 Johannes Riemann reverse.jpeg 15.05.1942 Johannes Riemann reverse.jpeg 1/1 Ross-Verlag postcard depicting actor Johannes Riemann (signed). With a hand-stamped declaration to the message panel stating, 'Autograph requests can only be considered if a self-addressed, stamped envelope and a film postcard are enclosed.' Ref: 15.05.1942 German Actors whose careers spanned the 3rd Reich period A ALBACH-RETTY, Wolf (1906-1967) B BIRGEL , Willy (1891-1973) BRAUN , Hermann (1918-1945) BRENNECKE, Joachim (1919-2011) BREUER, Siegfried (1906-1954) C D DELTGEN, René (1909-1979) DIEHL, Karl Ludwig (1986-1958) see 28/23 DIESSL, Gustav (1899-1948) E F FORSTER , Rudolf (1884-1968) FRITSCH , Willy (1901-1973) FRÖHLICH, Gustav (1902-1987) FUETTERER, Werner (1907-1991) G H HARTMANN, Paul (1889-1977) HEESTERS, Johannes (1903-2011) HEHN, Albert (1908-1983) HENCKELS, Paul (1885-1967) HOLT, Hans (1909-2001) HÖRBIGER , Paul (1894-1981) HUBSCHMID, Paul (1917-2001) I J K KAMPERS , Fritz (1891-1950) KAYSSLER, Friedrich (1974-1945) KIEPURA, Jan (1902-1966) KLÖPFER, Eugen (1886-1950) KREUTZBERG, Harald (1902-1968) L LIEBENEINER, Wolfgang (1905-1987) LIEDTKE , Harry (1882-1945) LINGEN, Theo (1903-1978) M MATTERSTOCK, Albert (1911-1960) MÜLLER-GRAF, Kurt (1913-2013) N O OHLSEN, Heinz (1922-1999) P PETROVICH, Ivan (1894-1962) Q QUADFLIEG, Will (1914-2003) R RADDATZ, Carl (1912-2004) RIEMANN , Johannes (1888-1959) - Staatsschauspieler RICHTER, Paul (1895-1961) ROHRINGER , Norbert (1927-2009) - Gottbegnadeten RÜHMANN, Heinz (1902-1994) S SCHOENHALS, Albrecht (1888-1978) SCHÖNBÖCK, Karl (1909-2001) SCHMITZ, Ludwig (1884-1954) - see 30/43 SÖHNKER, Hans (1903-1981) SPEELMANS, Hermann (1902-1960) STELZER, Hannes (1910-1944) STÖCKEL, Joe (1894-1959) STÜWE, Hans (1901-1976) T TRENKER, Luis (1892-1990) U URTEL, Martin (1914-1989) V W WALDAU, Gustav (1871-1958) WAGNER, Fritz (1915-1982) WEIH, Rolf (1906-1969) WENDL , Rudolf A. (????-????) WIEMAN, Mathias (1902-1969) X Y Z Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard sent from Berlin to Sofia, which has subsequently been forwarded to Krumovgrad. Featuring stamps Mi.580 (6 Pf Railway) and Mi.584 (6 Pf Hitler Youth). Ref: 31.08.1935 - 29/17 30th August 1935 Bulgaria - 1935 1/1 Postcard sent from Berlin to Sofia, which has subsequently been forwarded to Krumovgrad. Featuring stamps Mi.580 (6 Pf Railway) and Mi.584 (6 Pf Hitler Youth). Ref: 31.08.1935 - 29/17 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

13th December 1937 13th December 1937 1/1 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Postcard commemorating the Postage Stamp Exhibition in Hannover 11th - 19th May 1935. Ref: 17.05.1936, BV1250 17th May 1935 1/1 Postcard commemorating the Postage Stamp Exhibition in Hannover 11th - 19th May 1935. Ref: 17.05.1936, BV1250 Note: There are versions of this postcard listed with a 3Pf imprint and a 6Pf imprint. The postcard shown here has neither (the stamp is Mi.559). Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

12th March 1935 1/1 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

Autogrammkarte depicting actor Fritz Kampers. This postcard is a good example of its type, with a large clear space beneath the photograph ready to be signed by the actor if the autograph hunter had the opportunity. Ref: 07.10.1933 7th October 1933 Fritz Kampers 1/1 Autogrammkarte depicting actor Fritz Kampers. This postcard is a good example of its type, with a large clear space beneath the photograph ready to be signed by the actor if the autograph hunter had the opportunity. Ref: 07.10.1933 Acted in 35 films during 1933-45 Contact Brief History to inform us of additional information regarding this page

24th October 1945 24th October 1945 1/1 Cover sent from Leipzig to Löbau (Saxony), featuring stamp Mi.119 X or Y? (Russian Zone - West Saxony). Ref: 24.10.1945